Thursday, October 6, 2011

Tributes flood in for Steve Jobs

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The BBC's Rory Cellan-Jones looks back on the life and achievements of Steve Jobs

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World and business leaders have been paying tribute to Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, who has died at the age of 56 from pancreatic cancer.

US President Barack Obama and Russian counterpart Dmitry Medvedev said Mr Jobs had changed the world.

Microsoft's Bill Gates said it had been "an insanely great honour" to work with him. Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg remembered his "mentor and friend".

The Twitter microblog site struggled to cope with the traffic of tributes.

Apple itself said Mr Jobs had been "the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives" and had made the world "immeasurably better".

Thousands of celebrities and ordinary people went on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to record their tributes and memories of the man behind products such as the iPod, the iPhone, the iPad.

The death of Mr Jobs could create a record for Twitter traffic.

Thousands of people all over the world have also been attending Apple stores to leave flowers, notes, and apples with a bite taken from them to mimic the company's logo.

Apple's leading rivals such as Microsoft, Google, Sony and Samsung all chipped in with glowing tributes.

GS Choi, chief executive of Samsung, which is embroiled in a major court battle with Apple on patents, said Mr Jobs was an "innovative spirit" who "introduced numerous revolutionary changes to the information technology industry".

In his statement, Bill Gates said: "The world rarely sees someone who has had the profound impact Steve has had, the effects of which will be felt for many generations to come. For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it's been an insanely great honour."

Mr Zuckerberg wrote on Facebook: "Steve, thank you for being a mentor and a friend. Thanks for showing that what you build can change the world. I will miss you."

His comments were "liked" by more than 200,000 people within hours.

In his own tweet, Barack Obama wrote: "There may be no greater tribute to Steve's success than the fact that much of the world learned of his passing on a device he invented."

At the scene

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On the pavements outside the main Apple offices is a small, simple but very effective memorial to Steve Jobs - just like many of the products he designed.

"Jobs" - spelt out in small tea light candles alongside the Chinese symbol for Steve - and then the Apple logo. And inside the candlelit design, an iPad with Steve Jobs's photo on the screen.

Late into the night in America's Silicon Valley they are still arriving to take photos, lay candles and messages. One former employee described Steve Jobs as the John Lennon of technology. Another Taiwanese-born resident of Cupertino who has never bought an Apple product said he came down to pay respects to a man who changed the world.

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Web users in China have reportedly posted almost 35 million online tributes.

Tim Cook, who was made Apple's CEO after Mr Jobs stood down in August, said his predecessor had left behind "a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple".

UK Prime Minister David Cameron said: "Steve Jobs transformed the way we work and play; a creative genius who will be sorely missed."

New York mayor Michael Bloomberg said the US had "lost a genius who will be remembered with Edison and Einstein".

People also gathered outside Mr Jobs' home in California's Silicon Valley to lay floral wreaths, while flags were flown at half mast outside the Apple headquarters in Cupertino, California.

A statement from Mr Jobs' family said they were with him when he died peacefully on Wednesday.

"In his public life, Steve was known as a visionary; in his private life, he cherished his family," they said, requesting privacy and thanking those who had "shared their wishes and prayers" during his final year.

Face of Apple

Mr Jobs built a reputation as a forthright and demanding leader who could take niche technologies - such as the mouse and graphical user interface, using onscreen icons rather than text - and make them popular with the general public.

He introduced the colourful iMac computer, the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad to the world. His death came just a day after Apple unveiled its latest iPhone 4S model.

With a market value estimated at $351bn (�227bn), Apple became the world's most valuable technology company.

More than almost any other business leader, Mr Jobs was indistinguishable from his company, which he co-founded in the 1970s.

As the face of Apple, he represented its dedication to high-end technology and fashionable design.

And inside the company he exerted a level of influence unheard of in most businesses.

In 2004, Mr Jobs announced that he was suffering from pancreatic cancer. He had a liver transplant five years later.

In January, he took medical leave, before resigning as CEO in August and handing over his duties to Mr Cook.

In his resignation letter, Mr Jobs said: "I believe Apple's brightest and most innovative days are ahead of it. And I look forward to watching and contributing to its success in a new role."

However, Mr Jobs stayed on as Apple's chairman.

Despite his high profile, he remained fiercely protective of his private life.

He married his wife Laurene in 1991, and the couple had three children.

Mr Jobs also leaves a daughter from a previous relationship, and as an adult he discovered that he had a biological sister, US novelist Mona Simpson.



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UK computer game brain drain risk

Britain must do more to nuture a more competitive games industry if it is to prevent key talent moving overseas.

That is one of the conclusions from a recent study conducted by Tiga, the trade association for the UK's independent computer game developers.

It says worrying numbers of key talent are leaving the UK for countries offering more favourable employment options.

It calls for tax subsidies similar to those found abroad to be introduced.

"We used to be a net importer of brains," Jason Kingsley, chief executive of developer Rebellion, a Tiga member, told the BBC.

"People used to come here to work in the games sector. Now people are thinking Canada's a good place to go to.

"Canada spends a lot of money marketing itself, positioning itself."

The study found that some 18% of companies reported employees leaving UK firms to work abroad.

'Thousand cuts'

Not an enormous number, Mr Kingsley said, but the lack of emerging companies and imported talent shows a truer, more worrying picture.

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Clearly global publishers are important, but their relative importance has declined"

End Quote Richard Wilson Chief executive, Tiga

"It's a situation where - if you were going to start up a company and you analyse all the different locations in the world for stability, quality of life - you would end up saying 'let's set it up in - probably - Canada'.

"It's a death by a thousand cuts."

On average, non-UK citizens make up just 11% of the average UK computer game company's workforce.

Tiga's head, Richard Wilson, blames this on added government subsidies overseas providing bigger salaries and the temptation of working on bigger-budget games.

"Independent research found that on average Canadian studios, because of the tax benefits they were getting, they were getting benefits worth 23% of their turnover," Mr Wilson said.

"When it comes to trying to attract global investment, the US, Canada and France are at an advantage," Mr Wilson said.

In the UK, developers are given tax credits for efforts in research and development into technological advancements, but not games production itself.

While welcome, the research tax credits are considered by many to be overly complicated, with 70% of developers saying more "liberal" tax credits would be helpful.

According to the survey, 62% of companies do not have a specific budget set aside for research, while 82% said they did not file for any patents in the past year.

"The government is committed to making the UK the best place to start, finance and grow a business and particularly wants to make the UK an attractive location for innovative industries," said a Treasury spokesman.

"Both the Patent Box and Research & Development credits contribute to this, and the cuts to the main rate of corporation tax benefit all businesses."

Self-publishers

The Tiga research also charted the growing trend for self-publishing and, within it, an accelerating move towards portable technology like the iPhone.

The study says 47% of companies are now self-publishing on various platforms such as Apple's App Store and Steam.

For the first time in the annual survey's three year history, Apple's was shown to be the platform being used by the largest number - 67% - of UK independent games developers.

Until now, the most widely utilised platform had been the PC.

COSTLY BUSINESS

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The average cost for developing games in the UK for the most popular platforms:

  • Sony PS2/3: �1,940,000
  • Nintendo Wii: �1,722,000
  • Xbox 360: �4,655,000
  • PC: �3,189,000
  • Social games/Facebook: �320,000
  • Flash-based games: �83,000
  • Nintendo DS/DSI: �785,000
  • Sony PSP: �956,000
  • Mobile/PDA (not Apple): �1,648,000
  • iPhone: �335,000
  • iPad: �347,000

Source: Tiga 'State of the UK games development sector' survey, 2011.

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Also on the increase are Facebook games - again published directly by games developers.

Tiga expects that these newer distribution channels will see an end to the high rate of cancelled projects.

A fifth of firms said they had worked on a game which had been cancelled in the past year.

Tiga argue that the possibility to be the "master of your own destiny" by self-publishing is causing a dramatic shift in developers' priorities.

"Back in 2008, we asked who games developers' most important customers were. 71% said publishers," said Mr Wilson.

"But in 2011 that has fallen to 37%. I think that is interesting. Clearly global publishers are important, but their relative importance has declined."

Traditional retail channels are said to still make up about 50% of revenues for games makers, but other methods, such as subscription or micro-transations, are gaining ground.

In-game advertising appeared to have gained minimal traction - 54% of firms said they do not utilise it in their titles.

The Tiga report surveyed 104 development firms of varying sizes.

They ranged from small businesses hiring less than 10 people, to large firms with over 250 staff.



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Wednesday, October 5, 2011

Apple co-founder Steve Jobs dies

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Jobs introduced the iPod and the iPhone to the world.

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Former chief executive and co-founder of US technology giant Apple Steve Jobs has died, the company says. He was 56.

"Steve's brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives. The world is immeasurably better because of Steve," Apple said.

Jobs announced he was suffering from pancreatic cancer in 2004.

Fellow internet pioneer Bill Gates said Jobs' "profound impact" would " be felt for many generations to come".

Mr Gates added: "For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it's been an insanely great honour. I will miss Steve immensely."

'The face of Apple'

"Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being," Apple said.

"Steve leaves behind a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple."

He was one of the world's best-known business leaders and introduced the iPod and the iPhone to the world.

His death came a day after Apple unveiled its latest iPhone 4S model.

Jobs announced in 2004 that he was suffering from pancreatic cancer and had a liver transplant five years later.

In January, he took medical leave, before resigning as CEO in August and handing over his duties to Tim Cook.

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In his resignation letter, Jobs said: "I believe Apple's brightest and most innovative days are ahead of it. And I look forward to watching and contributing to its success in a new role."

However, Jobs stayed on as Apple's chairman.

More than almost any other business leader, he was indistinguishable from the company he co-founded in the 1970s.

As the face of Apple, he represented its dedication to high-end technology and fashionable design.

And inside the company he exerted a level of influence unheard of in most businesses.

What is your reaction to the passing of Steve Jobs? You can send us your comments using the form below.



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Yahoo&#33; surges on takeover rumour

Shares in the internet portal firm Yahoo have leapt 10% on rumours that Microsoft is considering a second attempt at a takeover.

Microsoft, which last bid in 2008, joins a host of other companies which are considering buying Yahoo, one of the internet's best-known brands.

China's giant internet company Alibaba has already said it might buy Yahoo.

Rumours of a bid from Vodaphone also pushed shares in BlackBerry maker, Research in Motion, 12% higher.

Yahoo shares jumped 10.1% to close at $15.92 and Microsoft shares ended 2.2% higher at $25.89.

Yahoo's current market value is $20bn (�13bn), compared with Microsoft's previous bid of around $45bn.

Neither party has made any official comment.

Microsoft is said to be divided as to whether it would make sense to mount such a bid.

Reasons in favour include the ability to beat AOL as a competitor by creating a stronger web portal.

Market share

Microsoft already has an agreement with Yahoo involving its Bing internet search engine, which powers Yahoo's search but gives 88% of advertising revenue back to Yahoo.

Combing the two could give Yahoo 30% of the US search market, according to analysts.

According to the latest figures from research firm comScore, Google has 64.8% of the US search market, Yahoo has 16.3% and Microsoft 14.7%.

Against, is that Yahoo is seen as lacking in growth potential.

Early last month, Yahoo fired its chief executive in a row over the company's future direction.

It said last month that it had received "inbound interest" from a number of parties.

Sid Parakh, analyst at fund firm McAdams Wright Ragen, told the Reuters news agency: "There are many reasons why this thing probably makes sense.

"If you strip out the variety of assets Yahoo owns, you are pretty much paying nothing for the core business."



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BT turns up broadband speed dial

BT is to launch a fibre optic service that will deliver speeds of up to 300Mbps (megabits per second) to some UK homes by spring next year.

The service is only likely to be made available to a minority of people with others promised speed boosts of up to 80Mbps.

The UK government welcomed the news.

But broadband figures reveal the UK still has a long way to go to achieve its goal of being the fastest in Europe by 2015.

BT said it will begin trialing the super-fast technology known as Fibre-to-the-Premises (FTTP) this month.

It is investing �2.5 billion to make fibre broadband available to two thirds of UK premises by the end of 2015 but only around a quarter of these will benefit from FTTP.

The majority of its money is going into Fibre-to-the-Cabinet technology (FTTC), which is slower because it uses copper wire to connect the street cabinet to users' homes.

Full fibre

FTTC currently has a top speed of 40Mbps although BT promised to double that to around 80Mbps next year.

Currently BT's fibre services serve around 5 million homes but take-up has been sluggish. Its super-fast service BT Infinity service has just 200,000 users so far.

Seb Lahtinen, co-founder of broadband news site ThinkBroadband, said there is pent-up demand for faster broadband.

"It is likely to be driven by high definition video-on-demand content as well as households where many different family members are using the internet at the same time," he said.

He welcomed BT's decision to roll out faster fibre.

"Wider availability of 'full fibre' FTTP services is clearly an important milestone as it represents a move to leading edge technology capable of delivering services beyond speeds which one could imagine requiring in the next decade," he said.

Trials of FTTP will be small-scale at first, with the service going live this month in just six areas - Ashford in Middlesex, Bradwell Abbey, Chester South, Highams Park, St Austell and York.

BT Openreach chief executive Liv Garfield said the announcement was "a significant step in the UK's broadband journey."

"These developments will transform broadband speeds across the country and propel the UK up the broadband league tables," she added.

Eastern Europe

It has some way to go though, according to figures released last week by the Fibre-to-the-Home Council for Europe.

Penetration rates of FTTP technology in the UK are too low for it to feature in the league table.

Lithuania leads the European FTTP ranking with 26.6% of households subscribing to the technology, followed by Norway, Sweden, Slovenia, Russia, Slovakia, Latvia, Bulgaria, Estonia and Denmark, in that order. Each of the top ten FTTP nations has a penetration rate of at least 6%.

A handful of rival companies already offer FTTP technologies in the UK, but they tend to be limited to new housing developments.

The government is keen that rural areas should not fall behind when it comes to super-fast broadband and has made �530m available to boost investment in these areas.

To encourage alternatives to BT, it forced the telco to open up its ducts and overhead poles to rivals.

Fujitsu pledged it would offer a rural FTTP network run on BT's infrastructure but the sticking point appears to be what BT will charge for access to its ducts and poles.

Communications minister Jeremy Hunt recently urged the company to hurry up and sort the issue out.

For its part, BT told the BBC that it was in talks with regulator Ofcom regarding the prices and "hoped those discussions will be concluded shortly".



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Samsung wants iPhone 4S Euro ban

Samsung is seeking an injunction to get the new iPhone 4S banned from sale in France and Italy.

It claims that Apple has used 3G wireless technology, which Samsung invented, without paying for it.

A patent war between the companies has been rumbling on for months in courts around the world.

Apple has obtained temporary embargoes on its rivals' products in Australia and Germany and is seeking similar rulings in several other countries.

In a statement, Samsung said: "Apple has continued to flagrantly violate our intellectual property rights and free ride on our technology, and we will steadfastly protect our intellectual property."

Patent law blogger Florian Mueller warned that Samsung was putting the cart before the horse by seeking an injunction before negotiating terms.

"Imagine what would happen if every participant in a standard-setting process could later shut down entire telecommunications networks even if the alleged infringers are willing to pay a royalty to be determined, in the event of a commercial disagreement between the parties, by a court of law," wrote Mr Mueller on his Foss Patents site.



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Bletchley Park wins �4.6m grant

The home of World War II codebreakers at Bletchley Park has been awarded a �4.6m grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF).

The investment will enable the restoration of key codebreaking huts and create a world-class visitor centre at the Buckinghamshire site.

The HLF said new exhibitions and interactive displays will bring Bletchley's story alive.

Bletchley Park was the wartime home of the Government Code and Cypher School.

'Ground-breaking work'

Carole Souter, chief executive of HLF, said: "The complex story of Bletchley Park revolves around a group of dedicated men and women who quietly worked away with no expectation of public recognition.

"Now, more than 60 years later, the trust will bring to life fascinating tales of the ground-breaking work that took place in this sprawling country estate.

"I cannot think of a better use of Heritage Lottery Fund money than to support this project and, in so doing, honour the memory of all who were involved."

A spokesman for the Bletchley Park Trust said: "The ambition of the Bletchley Park Trust is to complete the restoration of the site, and to tell its story to the highest modern standards."

The HLF has also announced a grant of �1.4m to restore Newcastle's 13th Century monument the Black Gate, bringing the currently vacant building back into public use as a heritage, education and community space.

And it has also given its initial backing to plans to restore the 12th Century Delapre Abbey in Northamptonshire with �250,600 of development funding.



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Tuesday, October 4, 2011

iPhone 4S announced by Apple

Apple has unveiled the latest iteration in its iPhone range, but there was no sign of the widely rumoured iPhone 5.

The iPhone 4S, as the new model will be known, boasts an improved camera and significantly extended battery life.

It will run on the latest iOS5 operating system, which is set for release on 12 October.

The event was the first major announcement for new CEO Tim Cook who took over from Steve Jobs in August.

The iPhone 4S, to be released on 14 October, will be available in 16GB, 32GB and 64GB models - in both black and white.



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HTC to release urgent privacy fix

HTC is to release an urgent update for several of its smartphones to fix a vulnerability which could leave personal information at risk.

The Android Police blog discovered that a user's GPS location and call logs could be easily accessed by net-enabled apps.

After investigating, HTC admitted the flaw could be "exploited by a malicious third-party application".

It said affected users will be notified of the update automatically.

"HTC is working very diligently to quickly release a security update that will resolve the issue on affected devices," a spokesperson said.

Users will be able to download the fix over-the-air.

The company has not yet confirmed exactly which models are at risk, but it is understood that the EVO 3D, EVO 4G, Thunderbolt and potentially the Sensation range are all susceptible to the vulnerability.

Until the patch is released, the company urges users to "use caution when downloading, using, installing and updating applications from untrusted sources".

The flaw relates to a particular file which contains a vast amount of personal information including GPS location history, SMS data, phone logs and e-mail accounts.

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A third party malware app exploiting this or any other vulnerability would potentially be acting in violation of civil and criminal laws. "

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Apps can gain access to the file by requesting permission to access the internet - a common occurrence for apps that allow the posting of top scores or messages on social networking sites.

HTC said they have found no evidence that this flaw has been exploited for malicious purposes, but conceded it does pose a threat to the protection of the user's information.

The statement read: "In our ongoing investigation into this recent claim, we have concluded that while this HTC software itself does no harm to customers' data, there is a vulnerability that could potentially be exploited by a malicious third-party application.

"A third party malware app exploiting this or any other vulnerability would potentially be acting in violation of civil and criminal laws.

"So far, we have not learned of any customers being affected in this way and would like to prevent it by making sure all customers are aware of this potential vulnerability."

The company said the patch will be released after a short period of testing, and users are urged to download the update promptly.

Artem Russakovskii, the blogger who made the flaw public, welcomed the quick action by HTC, but said he still had concerns over the manner in which large amounts of personal data are kept in the single file.

He wrote: "While I applaud HTC's desire to fix the situation quickly, I do have to wonder whether the patch will simply apply some sort of an authentication scheme to the service while letting it continue collecting the same kind of sensitive data to be potentially reported back to HTC or carriers."



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Apple expected to launch iPhone 5

Apple is expected to launch the fifth version of its best-selling iPhone today.

Journalist have been invited to a "Let's talk iPhone" event at its California campus due to start at 13:00 PDT (18:00 BST).

Doubts surround how different the iPhone 5 will be to its predecessor though some do expect big changes.

The launch will be hosted by Tim Cook, now Apple's full time boss following Steve Jobs' retirement in August.

As ever with Apple launches, exact details of product features will not be known until the event. Expert opinion is divided with some expecting significant changes.

"We're expecting a flagship, high tier product to cement the iPhone's position as the must-have device," said Ben Wood, director of research at analysts CCS Insight.

Gadget site Gizmodo took a different line and said there was only a 10% chance of seeing a new iPhone. Instead, it said, the iPhone 4S will be the new model and it will be cheaper than its predecessor.

Others say the cheaper model will be aimed at Asia, one of the few places where the smartphone has room for growth.

Rumours are also circulating that Steve Jobs will make a cameo appearance even though Mr Cook is expected to be the launch compere.

The event is the first since Mr Cook became official head of Apple. Before now he was an interim boss who oversaw day-to-day running of the company when Mr Jobs was on sick leave.

History lesson

The iPhone 4 debuted 15 months ago and the hiatus between that launch and today marks one of the longest periods without a new model in the history of the device. All previous versions, bar the first, have been unveiled in June.

Mr Wood said this might reflect the complexity of the task Apple set itself when getting the iPhone working the iCloud service. This acts as a network-based backup and synchronisation system for Apple's smartphones and tablets.

"The announcement is definitely more about the holy trinity of device, software and applications, and services to which iCloud adds a completely new dimension," he said.

The use of iCloud would help Apple stay one step ahead of rivals, especially HTC and Samsung, who were fast getting their own hardware to match the capabilities of the iPhone, said Mr Wood.

Apple will also be keen to put behind it the troubles that dogged the iPhone 4. Incorporating the phone's antenna into its case was blamed for causing a loss of reception. The problem led to the company offering free cases to owners to combat the reception loss.

The launch of the phone is important to Apple which is keen to capitalise on its growing share of the smartphone market. It faces strong challenges from Google's Android mobile phone operating system which, figures suggest, has become the most popular among new phone buyers in the US.

The ability of the phone to be activated and updated without connecting to a PC would help this push, said Mr Wood.

One strong competitor for the smartphone market is South Korean electronics firm Samsung. It produces phones that use Android as well as models that use its own operating system called Bada.

Apple and Samsung are locked in litigation around the world over who owns the rights to use many technologies found in both smartphones and tablets.

The court room clashes have led to a ban on the Galaxy Tab 10.1 in Germany and a ban on the sales of some Galaxy smartphones in the Netherlands.

In Australia, the row meant a delay to the launch of the Galaxy Tab 10.1. In the most recent development in that row, Apple has reportedly rejected Samsung's offer of a deal to settle the case.



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