Sunday, October 30, 2011

'Disturbing' cyber attacks on UK

The UK has been subject to a "disturbing" number of cyber attacks, the director of communications intelligence agency GCHQ has said.

Sensitive data on government computers has been targeted, along with defence, technology and engineering firms' designs, Iain Lobban said in the Times.

There was a "significant" unsuccessful internet-based attack on Foreign Office computer systems this summer, he added.

On Tuesday, the government hosts a two-day conference over the issue.

Foreign Secretary William Hague convened the London Conference on Cyberspace against a backdrop of the UK treating the threat from cyber warfare as seriously as that from international terrorism.

It aims to bring together political leaders, such as US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and EU digital supremo Neelie Kroes, with leading cyber security experts and technology entrepreneurs such as Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales and Cisco vice-president Brad Boston.

'Threat to economy'

Mr Hague believes a "global co-ordinated response" is required to forge policy on cyber development.

Writing in the Times, Mr Lobban said such an inclusive approach was vital.

"The volume of e-crime and attacks on government and industry systems continues to be disturbing," he wrote.

"I can attest to attempts to steal British ideas and designs - in the IT, technology, defence, engineering and energy sectors, as well as other industries - to gain commercial advantage or to profit from secret knowledge of contractual arrangements.

"Such intellectual property theft doesn't just cost the companies concerned; it represents an attack on the UK's continued economic wellbeing."

Mr Lobban added that government online taxation and benefits services could be targeted in future and said a black economy had already developed which saw UK citizens' credit card details offered for sale.



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Saturday, October 29, 2011

Minecraft wins gaming arts award

Minecraft is the winner of a new arts award for computer games.

The prize was announced at the finale of the GameCity videogame culture festival in Nottingham.

The title is the work of an independent Swedish company, Mojang. Players have to build objects out of blocks in an open environment.

The game was selected over rivals from big name publishers, including Valve and Electronic Arts' Portal 2 and Microsoft's Ilomilo.

"It's a great honour to be compared to those games," said Markus Persson, Mojang's founder.

"Winning this award helps us to try to make Minecraft the best game it can be."

Nearly four million people have already bought the title online, despite the fact it is still in beta. It is scheduled for a formal release next month.

"It just wasn't like anything else... it felt like it had an expanding life of its own. It had an organic nature," one of the judges, Ed Hall, told the BBC.

"Start Quote

I think that technology is a real red herring.... Otherwise we wouldn't cry at Bambi. It's not about photorealism."

End Quote Iain Simons Director, GameCity

"It's simplistic and addictive, and there's an element of beauty in what you are doing."

Culturally confident

GameCity's director, Iain Simons, said he was "delighted" by the choice.

His festival is now in its sixth year. Over that time he says he has seen a rise in the average age of gamers, and more women attracted to the activity.

"There is a much broader constituency of people playing games," he said.

"They have become more normalised, they have been more culturally confident and this prize, and the festival, is very much about exploring that confidence."

Part of the phenomenon is linked to the rise of smartphones. Today's handsets helped popularise the kind of sophisticated games that used to be restricted to dedicated mobile games machines, and larger home consoles.

Advances in computer processors and graphics chips undoubtedly offer developers a bigger palette to choose from. However, Mr Simon does not think the developments make any difference to the designers' status as artists.

"I think that technology is a real red herring. What technology is driving forward is the ability for games to look more real. To look like what a triple-A blockbuster would look like," he said.

"I don't think that is in itself something that makes them art. Otherwise we wouldn't cry at Bambi. It's not about photorealism."

The contest's judges appear to agree, admitting they picked the most basic looking title on offer.

The diverse 13-person jury included Dr Who actress Frances Barber, Labour MP Tom Watson and the artistic director of London's Southbank centre, Jude Kelly.

Enhancing life

Not everyone was convinced of Minecraft's merits at first. The composer, Nitin Sawhney, who was also on the panel, was critical of its soundtrack.

But ultimately neither the look of the game nor its music proved fatal to its chances.

"[We asked] was there one that we felt was head and shoulder above the rest? Was there merit in the game enhancing life and enjoyment beyond just playing the game itself? Could it make your view of the world better?" said Mr Hall.

"Could a computer game be viewed as something that wouldn't be sneered at in the future?"

Minecraft does involve traditional staples of gaming, including night-roaming monsters and the chance to fight multiplayer battles online.

However, it was ultimately selected on the basis of its mood and ability to encourage gamers to become creative.

"It's the broadest definition of art that you can have," said Mr Hall.

"But computer games are definitely artistic. There are images and storylines that engage you, ideas that confuse your mind for hours and a whole package that keeps you coming back for days."



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Friday, October 28, 2011

Google Street View heads indoors

Google has started a pilot project allowing the public to look inside shops and other businesses found on its maps.

The feature is an extension of the firm's Street View technology, which already lets users view 360-degree exterior images.

The existing service prompted some privacy complaints from people who claimed the technology was intrusive.

However, Google said the new scheme was completely on a volunteer basis.

"Building on the Google Art Project, which took Street View technology inside 17 acclaimed museums, this project is another creative implementation of Street View technology, to help businesses as they build their online presence," said a company spokesman.

"We hope to enable businesses to highlight the qualities that make their locations stand out through professional, high-quality imagery."

First steps

Initially the roll-out is limited to select locations including London, Paris and a number of cities in Japan, Australia, New Zealand and the US.

The US company said it was beginning the process by inviting the most searched types of businesses to request a visit by its photographers.

Google said these included restaurants, hotels, shops, gyms and vehicle repair workshops.

However, it has ruled out big-brand chains for the time being. Hospitals and lawyers' offices have also been excluded.

Business owners are told they must warn their customers and employees about the photoshoot before it begins. Google has promised it will blur out or refuse to publish any images that include bystanders.

The photoshoots will produce 360-degree images using fish-eye and wide-angle lenses as well as stills. Business owners are also invited to upload their own pictures.

The search site notes that all photographs taken will become its property and that they may be used for other applications. Business owners may request their removal, but the terms and conditions do not include a commitment to comply.

"Retail is always a competitive sector, but this is particularly true at a time of falling disposable incomes," said Sarah Cordey, spokeswoman for the British Retail Consortium.

"Many retailers are increasing their online presence and use of technological innovations, so this is a development some businesses will no doubt consider with interest."



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The touchless control patent race

Apple and Microsoft are involved in a new patent race over touchless gesture-controls.

Recently released patent filings reveal new ways to control devices that do not involve physical contact.

Microsoft describes waving one's hands to "draw" three-dimensional objects on a computer, while Apple's designs involve allowing users to "throw" content from one device to another.

Securing patent rights allows the firms to claim ownership of the technologies.

They could then prevent others from using the same gesture controls, or charge them a licence.

The two technology firms are not the only ones exploring the area. Less well known companies, including Qualcomm and Extreme Reality 3D, have also acted to secure touchless control patent rights.

"It's interesting that so many companies are actually investing some very serious time and money into it," said Chris Green, a technology analyst at Davies Murphy Group.

"But the jury is still out on whether this whole waving-your-hands-in-the-air will have a long term future outside computer games, and it's still very much a work in progress."

"Start Quote

No longer would users have to fiddle with complex remotes for DVD players and cable channels"

End Quote Steve Jobs Former Apple CEO
'Throwing' video

The patent applications have been made public by the US Patent and Trademark Office.

Apple's filing, entitled "Real Time Video Process Control Using Gestures", describes controlling images on a device, such as an iPhone, without touching it, and the ability to transfer the pictures to one of the firm's other products using contact-free hand movements.

It suggests infrared, optical and other sensors would be used to detect the movements.

One use could be to transfer a video from a mobile phone by "flicking" it to a television.

"Say you're browsing a TV app on your phone and you found a programme you wanted to record, you could literally - just with a wave - take that programme and throw it to the other device using a gesture rather than using a Bluetooth or cable connection," said Mr Green.

Apple TV

The patent application's release coincides with renewed speculation about Apple branded television sets.

The firm's former chief executive, Steve Jobs, appears to have hinted at the prospect to his biographer.

Walter Issacson wrote: "He very much wanted to do for television sets what he had done for computers, music players, and phones: make them simple and elegant".

Mr Isaacson quoted Mr Jobs as saying: "It will have the simplest user interface you could imagine. I finally cracked it."

The book was published following Mr Jobs' death, earlier this month.

Business applications

Microsoft has already put touchless gesture technology into practice with the popular Kinect motion sensing device for its Xbox games console.

"Microsoft's Kinect system has been widely praised for its accuracy and clarity, and even university research departments are using the Kinect devices, hacking them and using them for their projects," said Mr Green.

"Start Quote

You no longer have to use a mouse to draw a shape - you can just wave your hands in the air and it'll appear"

End Quote Chris Green Davies Murphy Group

"But it is still fairly large, and if you'd like to apply it to a smartphone, you'd need to compress the Kinect down into something the size of your thumb."

Microsoft's recent filing details potential business applications for the technology.

It says it would be possible to make a gesture near a device's surface to "draw" and manipulate virtual 3D objects.

One possible use would be for someone giving a presentation to draw a square in the air and then have it appear behind them on a screen or mid-air from a 3D projector.

"You no longer have to use a mouse to draw a shape - you can just wave your hands in the air and it'll appear," Mr Green explained.

"That aspect potentially has some enterprise applications in terms of computer-aided design.... but it's still very expensive."



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Samsung beats Apple smartphones

Samsung overtook Apple to become the world's biggest seller of smartphones between July and September.

Research from Strategy Analytics showed that Samsung sold 27.8 million smartphones in the three month period, compared with 17.1 million from Apple and 16.8 million from Nokia.

The consultancy said Apple's growth was hindered by customers waiting for the launch of the new iPhone 4S.

Apple's number four slot in total handset sales was taken by China's ZTE.

Nokia was the top handset seller with a 27.3% market share, followed by Samsung with 22.6% and LG with 5.4%.

ZTE took 4.7%, pushing Apple into fifth place with 4.4%.

The report came shortly after the release of Samsung's third-quarter results, which showed profits falling 23% as strong growth in its mobile phone business was overshadowed by a poor performance in the memory chip arm.

Handset profits more than doubled to 2.52tn won ($2.3bn; �1.4bn) on strong sales from its Galaxy smartphones.

"Samsung's rise has been driven by a blend of elegant hardware designs, popular Android services, memorable sub-brands and extensive global distribution," said Alex Spektor from Strategy Analytics.

"Samsung has demonstrated that it is possible, at least in the short term, to differentiate and grow by using the Android ecosystem."



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Thursday, October 27, 2011

Hewlett U-turn on selling PC arm

Hewlett Packard (HP) says it will now keep its personal computer division after reviewing a plan by its former chief executive to sell it.

The decision to retain the personal systems group (PSG) was made by HP's new head, Meg Whitman, who said HP would be a "stronger" firm as a result.

Her predecessor, Leo Apotheker, said earlier this year the company would look to spin-off the hardware arm.

PSG is the world's biggest maker of personal computers.

Ms Whitman said in a statement: "Keeping PSG within HP is right. HP objectively evaluated the strategic, financial and operational impact of spinning off PSG.

"HP is committed to PSG, and together we are stronger," said Ms Whitman, a former eBay executive who took over in September.

She added: "It's clear after our analysis that keeping PSG within HP is right for customers and partners, right for shareholders, and right for employees."

The plan to sell PSG was part of Mr Apotheker's strategy to refocus HP on software and cloud services.

But within months of being appointed in November last year, shareholders and analysts became uneasy about his planned changes.

HP shares fell 20% the day after Mr Apotheker announced the possible spin-off of the PC arm, and lost 40% of their value during his tenure.

Shares in the company rose 4.8% on Thursday.



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Amazon's patent troubles spiral

Amazon has revealed that 11 companies have filed patent lawsuits against it since the start of the year - more than three times as many as in all of 2010.

The online store made the declaration in a filing to US financial regulators.

The complaints include claims that Amazon's sales systems infringe another firm's intellectual property, and that its Kindle ebook devices use technologies owned by two others.

Amazon says it disputes the claims and intends to "vigorously defend" itself.

The US firm's filing reveals that it has been accused of infringing a total of 30 patents since January.

Of those two have been dismissed, including a claim by MasterObjects, a Dutch developer specialising in search result software.

The software firm had claimed that Amazon's drop-down search suggestions infringed one of its US patents. However, the case was thrown out in August.

One of the active lawsuits involves a company named LVL Patent Group. It claims Amazon's mobile applications and other technologies breach four of its innovations.

The Virginia based litigator also launched claims against Apple, Siemens, Hewlett-Packard and Nokia, among others, in September.

Legal activity

The lawsuits mark an upswing in legal activity.

Over the whole of 2010, Amazon's filing suggests it was sued by three claimants over a total of four patents. Amazon settled one of the cases and still disputes the others.

"It is quite common in the technology industry to have aggressive patent litigation," said Andrea Matwyshyn, assistant professor of legal studies at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School.

"In fact, the volume against Amazon pales compared to other industries such as the mobile phone sector, which is involved in a series of patent wars."

However, Amazon's legal troubles may mount following the launch of its first tablet computer.

"These lawsuits can only continue to increase, especially as Amazon makes more hardware," said Colin Gillis, senior technology analyst at BGC Partners.

"The field is clogged with lawsuits, particularly with products that run on Google's Android software, which its new Kindle Fire tablet uses."

Amazon's best defence may be to secure patents of its own. Its most recent filing involves a gift card which allows the buyer to restrict what products the recipient can choose.



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RIM facing lawsuits over outage

Blackberry customers in the US and Canada are suing Research in Motion over the recent global outage which left millions without email, instant messaging and net access.

A Canadian lawsuit, filed on Wednesday, was brought on behalf of all Blackberry owners in the country, and accuses RIM of breach of contract.

A similar complaint has been filed in the US.

When contacted by the BBC, RIM had no comment on the news.

The lawsuit claims that RIM "is responsible for Blackberry users' loss of email, BB, and/or internet service for approximately one and a half days".

"It has not compensated consumers on a prorated basis for such loss of use, while knowing full well that Blackberry users pay a monthly fee to their wireless service providers for data services and that they were deprived thereof."

The outage, caused by a system failure and compounded by the failure of its back-up system, began on October 10 and lasted four days.

Snowball effect

RIM co-founder Mike Lazaridis apologised for the outage and offered all customers a package of free software.

The apps, which RIM claims are worth more than $100 (�63), are available until the end of December.

Malik Saadi, principal analyst with Informa Telecom & Media thinks action suits like these could be just the beginning.

"If the consumer forums get involved they could mobilise individuals into seeking compensation and there will be a snowball effect," he said.

Informa has estimated that RIM could find itself faced with a $25m (�16m) compensation bill.

"That is not big money compared to revenues. The biggest damage is to its brand and that could take years to cure. If I was RIM I would just compensate users quickly," said Mr Saadi.

So far no operators have pursued compensation from RIM and Mr Saadi thinks it is "unlikely" any will. However, some have suggested they will offer their own packages to customers.

"In the Middle East, two operators are talking about compensating customers although there are no details about how it will work," he said.

Communication

The four day crash could not have come at a worse time for Blackberry, which has seen profits fall in recent months.

Sales of its flagship tablet, the PlayBook, are not going as well as expected and earlier this week the firm announced that it was delaying a software update to the device.

RIM was criticised for not responding quickly enough to customers when the crash occurred.

Thousands of people turned to Twitter and other social media networks to voice frustration with the company and its efforts to fix the problems.

The firm noticeably stepped up its communication activities as the outage dragged on.



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Sony buys whole of Sony Ericsson

Japanese technology giant Sony has bought full control of mobile phone maker Sony Ericsson from Swedish telecoms equipment maker Ericsson.

Sony has agreed to buy 50% of the firm for 1.1bn euros ($1.5bn; �964m), making the mobile handset business a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sony.

Ericsson said that the "synergies" between telecoms equipment and mobile phones were decreasing.

The transaction also includes a patent deal.

Sony will get the five sets of patents that are essential to making the phones and a licensing agreement on any other intellectual property.

Many observers expected this deal because Sony wanted to integrate its phone division with its mobile games machine and tablet computer units.

"This acquisition makes sense for Sony and Ericsson, and it will make the difference for consumers, who want to connect with content wherever they are, whenever they want," said Sony's chairman Sir Howard Stringer.

Earlier this month, Sony Ericsson broke even in its third quarter and announced it would focus on smartphones from 2012.

The company said its Xperia smartphones accounted for 80% of its sales. The handsets run Google's Android operating system.

Analysts said Sony had proved resistant to sharing its brands and other assets with the joint venture, explaining why it took until this year for PlayStation games to be offered on any of its handsets.



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Call for tougher data abuse laws

Courts should have the power to jail people who breach the Data Protection Act, MPs on the justice select committee have said.

They say fines - usually about �150 per breach - are an "inadequate" deterrent when the financial rewards can be considerable.

Their report also warns the information commissioner lacks the powers to fully investigate personal data abuses.

The government said the issue of prison sentences would be kept under review.

'Great harm'

Sir Alan Beith, the Lib Dem chairman of the justice committee, said using deception to obtain personal information - known as blagging - or selling it on without permission were "serious offences that can cause great harm".

"Magistrates and judges need to be able to hand out custodial sentences when serious misuses of personal information come to light.

"Parliament has provided that power, but ministers have not yet brought it into force - they must do so."

The move would require the government to enact section 77 and 78 of the 2008 Criminal Justice and Immigration Act.

Currently, magistrates can impose fines of up to �5,000, and the crown court an unlimited fine. But, in practice, fines are much lower because judges have to take into account the defendant's ability to pay, the report says.

The report highlighted several cases in which the financial gain from data protection breaches had exceeded the penalty, including a nurse who passed on patient details to her partner who worked for an accident management company.

She was fined �150 per offence, but accident management companies pay up to �900 for a client's details.

It also noted a 2008 case in which two former BNP members posted the party membership list on the internet, after which a district judge at Nottingham Magistrates' Court said: "It came as a surprise to me, as it will to many members of the party, that to do something as foolish and criminally dangerous as you did will only incur a financial penalty."

Press behaviour

The Information Commissioner Christopher Graham has long called for the courts to be given the power to impose custodial sentences.

However last month, he told the committee he feared any effort to increase the punishments would be delayed by the Leveson inquiry into press behaviour.

He said routine hacking and blagging of personal data by financial services, debt collection and claims management companies was going untackled, and he expected the inquiry into phone hacking by newspapers to distract even more attention away from the problem.

Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg has suggested that jail sentences for people found guilty of "blagging" should be looked at - in cases where information was clearly not obtained in the public interest.

Gordon Brown attempted to introduce prison terms of up to two years for the offence when he was in power but the law was never enacted amid concerns from newspaper bosses.

Daily Mail editor Paul Dacre said at the time that this would "have a truly chilling effect on good journalism".

The Ministry of Justice said it was keeping the issue "under review" and would study the committee's report with interest.

Data audits

The MPs' report also warned possible misuses of personal data were not being fully investigated because the information commissioner lacked sufficient powers.

Currently, he offers free data protection audits, but many organisations decline and not one insurance company has agreed to an audit, the report said.

Sir Alan urged ministers to examine how the commissioner could investigate cases of data abuse properly without increasing the regulatory burden on businesses.

The Data Protection Act 1998 gives people the right to know what information is held about them and to correct wrong information.

It also protects individuals' interests by obliging organisations to manage personal information appropriately.



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