Tuesday, August 31, 2010

Asian shares bounce back after Wall Street rise AP

TOKYO Asian stock markets rose Wednesday, rebounding from losses as Australias economic growth accelerated and Chinese manufacturing activity recovered in August.

Japans Nikkei 225 stock average added 0.5 percent to 8,869.74 after hitting a 16-month closing low the previous day. Ongoing worries about the strong yen kept trading cautious.

Hong Kongs Hang Seng index rose 0.2 percent to 20,578.35, South Koreas Kospi advanced 0.9 percent to 1,759.20, and mainland Chinas benchmark edged up 0.1 percent to 2,642.45.

Leading regional gains, Australias S&P/ASX 200 jumped 1.7 percent to 4,478.8. Investors cheered new data showing that the nations gross domestic product rose a seasonally adjusted 1.2 percent in the April-June quarter.

In China, manufacturing posted the first gain in four months. The state-affiliated China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing said its purchasing managers index, or PMI, rose to 51.7 in August from 51.2 July and 52.1 in June. Numbers above 50 show manufacturing activity expanding.

"The rise in the PMI for August shows that Chinas economy will not suffer a serious correction," the report said, citing federation analyst Zhang Liqun.

In New York on Tuesday, the Dow Jones industrial average edged up 0.05 percent to finish at 10,014.72. Stock indexes gave up most of their gains in mid-afternoon after minutes from the latest Federal Reserve meeting showed officials increasing concern about the U.S. economy.

Broader indexes were mixed. The Standard & Poors 500 index edged up 0.04 percent to 1,049.33. The Nasdaq composite index fell 0.3 percent to 2,114.03.

In currencies, the dollar rose to 84.38 yen from 84.16 yen late Tuesday. The euro stood at $1.2684 from $1.2685.



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Mexico captures reported drug lord the Barbie AP

MEXICO CITY A former Texas high school football player and petty street dealer who allegedly rose to become one of Mexicos most savage assassins became the third major drug lord brought down by Mexico in less than a year, and could provide intelligence on even bigger kingpins.

Edgar Valdez Villarreal, known as "the Barbie" for his fair complexion and green eyes, grinned broadly Tuesday as police described a life of luxury and violence that made a battleground of central Mexico, where he waged a war for control against his slain bosss brother.

The 37-year-old Valdez faces charges in three U.S. states for trucking in tons of cocaine. As a U.S. citizen living illegally in Mexico, Valdez could be deported to the United States if Mexico agrees, or he could face prosecution in Mexico for drug-related crimes. Mexican authorities say he could be responsible for dozens of murders.

The arrest was portrayed by the Mexican and U.S. governments as a victory for President Felipe Calderon, who is trying to recover public support for his war on organized crime in the face of escalating violence.

Valdezs capture Monday on a ranch outside Mexico City was the culmination of a yearlong pursuit after police made some key arrests at XXXoticas, an Acapulco tourist bar owned by Valdez, who passed himself off there as an entrepreneur.

Mexican police said they chased Valdez across five Mexican states for a year, a pursuit that intensified in recent months as they raided home after home owned by the drug lord, missing him but nabbing several of his allies. Among those taken into custody was his girlfriend and her mother, Valdezs U.S. lawyer said.

"This has been going on for quite a while," attorney Kent Schaffer told The Associated Press. "So you figure its just a matter of time."

The arrest also yielded computers, telephones and other equipment authorities said would likely provide more information about his group.

Born in the border city of Laredo, Texas, Valdez grew up in a middle-class subdivision popular with Border Patrol agents, police officers and firefighters. His father was a nightclub and bar owner.

The former Laredo United High School linebacker became a small-time street dealer as a teen, before rising to become the head of a group of assassins for Mexicos notorious Beltran Leyva gang, allied with the powerful Sinaloa cartel, according to U.S. and Mexican officials.

U.S. prosecutors say Valdez has been the source of tons of cocaine smuggled into the United States while cartel dealers shipped millions of dollars in cash back to Mexico in tractor-trailer trucks.

Valdezs first arrest came at 19 in Texas, where he was charged with criminally negligent homicide for allegedly running over a middle school counselor in his truck while speeding down a Laredo street. He was never indicted.

Minor scrapes with the law followed: drunken driving, speeding, public intoxication. All the while, Valdez worked as a small-time street dealer � a small fish to state narcotics officers, according to Martin Cuellar, now the Webb County sheriff, who was an undercover narcotics officer at the time.

After leaving Texas for Mexico, Valdez quickly rose through the ranks of the Beltran Leyva cartel, police say. He was anointed head of Acapulco operations by cartel leader Arturo Beltran Leyva after serving as the drug kingpins top bodyguard, according to Federal Police Commissioner Facundo Rosas.

In Mexico, Valdez built up a life of luxury, with homes in the most expensive neighborhoods of Mexico City.

"He was flamboyant, he felt like he was untouchable," said a senior U.S. law enforcement official, who wasnt authorized to speak on the record.

That life started to crumble as Mexican law enforcement took on the Beltran Leyva gang. Two years ago, a widespread corruption probe toppled the cartels top government protectors, including Mexicos former drug czar.

The biggest coup came in December, when Mexican marines killed cartel lord Arturo Beltran Leyva during a gunbattle in Cuernavaca.

That unleashed a gruesome fight between Valdez and Beltran Leyvas brother, Hector, the only one of the cartels founders who was still at large. Decapitated and dismembered bodies littered the streets of Cuernavaca and Acapulco � and often hung from bridges � along with messages threatening one of the two feuding factions.

Such bloody turf wars have repeatedly exploded following the downfall of top traffickers during Calderons drug war, angering Mexicans who say life has become intolerable in parts of the country. Calderons government says the violence is a sign cartel leaders are desperate and making mistakes that lead to their capture.

Running from security forces and his former allies, Valdez was forced to give up his high-flying lifestyle in Acapulco for a lower-profile existence among the wealthy in sprawling Mexico City, Rosas said.

Informants stepped forward. The fiery-tempered Valdez berated one accomplice for shooting Paraguayan soccer player Salvador Cabanas during an argument at a Mexico City bar in January, an attack that led to the arrest of a minor henchman, who later told police about Valdezs fury over the incident.

More of his allies fell in a series of raids and shootouts in Mexico City, Acapulco and other towns. Fifteen Valdez henchmen were killed in a battle with soldiers in June in Taxco, a mountain hamlet outside of Mexico City where authorities had recently discovered the bodies of 55 cartel victims dumped in a mine shaft.

The pursuit intensified six weeks ago when Mexican security officials began getting tips on Valdezs whereabouts and approached U.S. agents for help, according to U.S. law enforcement officials in Washington, who spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity surrounding the arrest. U.S. intelligence helped pinpoint his location Monday.

"We were on his heels for the last six weeks, receiving tips, but Mexican law enforcement would show up and they would miss him. He was feeling the heat of Mexican law enforcement," one U.S. official said.

An elite, U.S.-trained Mexican federal police squad arrested Valdez and four accomplices in a woody weekend getaway outside Mexico City.

The U.S. and Mexican governments had offered rewards totaling $4 million for information leading to Valdezs capture. However, Rosas said security forces nabbed Valdez on their own and there would be no reward.

Authorities believe Valdez can provide intelligence on other top traffickers, including Sinaloa chief Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman, Mexicos most-wanted drug lord.

"Because they caught La Barbie alive, he will be a very important source of information against El Chapo," said Raul Benitez, a professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico who studies the drug trade. "La Barbie was once the bodyguard of El Chapo Guzman."

Valdezs presentation before the media Tuesday coincided with an announcement that Colombian authorities had detained 11 people allegedly linked to the Mexican kingpin in that South American cocaine-producing country. Rosas said the arrests were likely related, with Colombian authorities taking advantage of a break in his organization.

Rosas also said Valdez has already started talking: He informed police that on the night Beltran Leyva died, the drug boss called him as marines were closing in. Valdez said he had urged the capo to turn himself in, advice Beltran Leyva apparently ignored, Rosas said.

After that, Rosas said, the Beltran Leyva gang started suspecting that Valdez had tipped authorities to Beltran Leyvas whereabouts. Rosas did not say whether those suspicions were true.

Rosas said he expected the turf war in central Mexico to rage on for a while as Valdezs allies struggle to hang on and as other cartels try to move in on the territory. But he said he was hopeful that this time the downfall of a drug lord would eventually curb the bloodshed.

"In the end, the balance will be positive. The violence will diminish," he said.

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Associated Press writers Mark Stevenson reported from Mexico City and Paul Weber from Laredo, Texas. AP writers Eduardo Castillo and Katherine Corcoran in Mexico City, Ramit Plushnick-Masti in Houston, Mat Otero in Dallas and Martha Mendoza in Santa Cruz, Calif., contributed to this report.



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6 more American troops die in Afghan fighting AP

KABUL, Afghanistan Six more American troops were killed in action in Afghanistan, ending August with a spike in bloodshed that has claimed the lives of 19 U.S. service members in only four days.

The U.S. death toll for the month stood at 56 � three-quarters of them in the second half of the month as the Taliban fight back against U.S. pressure in southern and eastern strongholds. American losses accounted for more than 70 percent of the 76 fatalities suffered by the entire NATO-led force.

NATO said four of the Americans who died Tuesday were killed by a roadside bomb in eastern Afghanistan, while two died in gunfights with insurgents in the countrys south. No other details were released.

Until the late month spike, it appeared that the death toll for August would be well below the back-to-back monthly records of 66 in July and 60 in June.

By the middle of August only 13 Americans had been killed � in part because of greater use of heavily armored vehicles and other defenses against roadside bombs, the Taliban weapon of choice.

The reason behind the sudden spike in deaths was unclear because few details about the casualties are released for security reasons.

Most of the U.S. deaths occurred in the southern provinces of Helmand and Kandahar, longtime Taliban strongholds that are the focus of the American-led operation against the insurgents.

As the U.S. formally ends its combat role in the Iraq war, NATO and Afghan forces are ramping up operations in Afghanistan, especially in the area around Kandahar City, the Taliban birthplace and their former headquarters until they were ousted from power in the U.S.-led invasion of 2001.

NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen told reporters in Copenhagen, Denmark, that higher casualties were inevitable because more troops have arrived in Afghanistan in recent weeks, bringing the overall alliance force to more than 140,000 � including 100,000 Americans. The U.S. figure is more than triple the number of American service members in Afghanistan at the beginning of last year.

"Right now we see more fighting and unfortunately also more casualties," Fogh Rasmussen said. "But that is the inevitable result of sending more troops ... On top of that, we now attack the Taliban strongholds in Helmand and Kandahar. That of course means more fighting and unfortunately also more casualties."

A NATO spokesman in Kabul, James Judge, said the insurgents traditionally step up attacks in late summer and early fall before the advent of the harsh Afghan winter, when fighting usually eases. He said casualty figures were likely to remain "somewhat elevated" in September because the insurgents may try to disrupt parliamentary elections.

In a meeting Tuesday with journalists from The Associated Press and two other news organizations, the top commander Gen. David Petraeus insisted that despite the casualties, progress was being achieved in Helmand and Kandahar. Petraeus said he recently walked through the market in Marjah, which until last February had been a major Taliban stronghold and wholesale distribution center for opium.

He said security in Kabul had been reinforced in recent months and that five or six bases were being built for the Afghan army around the city to protect the capital.

Nevertheless, gunmen stopped a bus Tuesday carrying clerks of the Afghan Supreme Court in south Kabul. One gunman boarded the bus and opened fire, killing three people and wounding 12, the Interior Ministry reported.

British Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg insisted Tuesday that the military campaign in Afghanistan was "turning the corner" as he wrapped up a two-day unannounced visit to British troops in Helmand.

"We hear so much bad news," he told British soldiers. "Of course the country mourns when people lose their lives. People are full of anguish when there are serious injuries. But what I have seen today is a complete transformation of the military effort that I first saw when I visited two years ago."

Also Tuesday, NATO said its forces, working with Afghan army and police, had killed 19 insurgents and captured five in a major air assault on the village of Omar in the eastern province of Kunar.

Ground forces taking part in the assault that began Monday uncovered weapons caches and ammunition stockpiles inside the village, a statement said.

Two insurgents were killed and one was wounded in an airstrike Monday on a Taliban commander in charge of logistics in Kandahar, NATO said.

In Zabul province, insurgents on Monday night ambushed a convoy carrying food and other supplies, killing two private security guards and wounding five others, provincial government spokesman Mohammad Jan Rasoolyar said.

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Associated Press Writers Deb Riechmann, Christopher Bodeen and Rahim Faiez in Kabul and Jan Olsen in Copenhagen contributed to this report.



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Flood refugee gives birth in graveyard in Pakistan AP

MAKLI, Pakistan Jannah Soorjo was forced to give birth in a sprawling Muslim graveyard in southern Pakistan filled with hundreds of thousands of flood victims, a reminder of the pain and despair gripping the country even as the floodwaters begin to flow out to sea.

The feverish 26-year-old mother is one of 500,000 women affected by the floods whom the United Nations expects will give birth in the next six months. Many of their children will enter a world where food and water are scarce and the risk of deadly disease is high.

"I gave birth to this baby, but how can I arrange food for him here," Soorjo said, cradling her newborn son Tuesday. "He seems to be sick, and we dont have money for his treatment."

Soorjo fled to the cemetery on top of a hill in Makli four days ago to escape the floodwaters, which inundated dozens of villages and towns in her southern Sindh province.

The floods began over a month ago in the northwest after extremely heavy monsoon rains and surged south along the Indus River.

The floodwaters finally started emptying into the Arabian Sea on Tuesday, hours after swallowing the two final towns in its path, both of which had been evacuated, said disaster management official Hadi Bakhsh.

But the challenges of delivering emergency aid to 8 million people remained.

"The situation is extremely critical," said Josette Sheeran, the head of the World Food Program, after touring flood-stricken areas with other top U.N. officials.

Her agency has managed to deliver food to 3 million people, but another 3 million require food aid, and that number could grow as authorities assess the damage the floods have done in the south, said Sheeran.

While the U.N.s childrens agency has delivered fresh water to 2 million people, it still needs to reach 6 million more, and aid workers have only managed to vaccinate 10 to 15 percent of the children in need, said UNICEF director Anthony Lake.

He warned that without quick action the country was headed toward a second wave of tragedy marked by outbreaks of cholera and waterborne disease.

"This is likely to get much worse," said Lake during a joint news conference with other U.N. officials in Islamabad.

The scale of the disaster has raised concerns about the stability of nuclear-armed Pakistan, which is already reeling from al-Qaida and Taliban violence and massive economic woes.

Foreign countries have pledged hundreds of millions of dollars to help Pakistan respond to the floods. Even the countrys archenemy, India, has offered assistance and announced Tuesday that it was increasing its aid from $5 million to $25 million.

Donors have given about two-thirds of the $460 million the U.N. requested for emergency aid, said Sheeran, the head of the World Food Program. But the food agency itself has less than half the money it needs to feed those affected. The agency also needs 40 heavy helicopters to airlift food to the 800,000 people cut off from the heavily damaged road network, she said.

Foreign donors and the U.N. were slow to respond to the disaster, in part because it took a long time for its extent to become clear. Aid is slowly reaching the worst-affected areas by army helicopter, road and boat, but millions have received little or no help.

Authorities have also struggled to cope with a growing number of cases of severe diarrhea and malaria caused by dirty water that offers a perfect breeding ground for insects and disease. More than 500,000 cases of acute diarrhea and nearly 95,000 cases of suspected malaria have been treated since the floods first hit, the U.N.s World Health Organization said Tuesday.

Once all the floodwaters recede, the country will be left with a massive relief and reconstruction effort that will cost billions of dollars and take years. An estimated 1 million homes have been damaged or destroyed, five times as many as were hit by this years earthquake in Haiti.

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Associated Press Writer Ashraf Khan in Karachi and Ravi Nessman in Islamabad contributed to this report.



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Obama ends Iraq combat effort: Time to turn page AP

WASHINGTON Fiercely opposed to the war from the start, President Barack Obama formally ended the U.S. combat role in Iraq after seven long years of bloodshed, declaring firmly Tuesday night: "It is time to turn the page." Claiming no victory, he said the nations most urgent priority now must be fixing its own sickly economy.

From the Oval Office, where George W. Bush first announced the invasion that would come to define his presidency, Obama addressed millions who were divided over the war in his country and around the world. He said the United States "has paid a huge price" to give Iraqis the chance to shape their future � a price that now includes more than 4,400 dead, tens of thousands of troops wounded and hundreds of billions of dollars spent since March 2003.

In a telling sign of the domestic troubles weighing on the United States and his own presidency, Obama turned much of the emphasis in a major war address to the dire state of U.S. joblessness.

In his remarks of slightly less than 20 minutes, only his second address from the Oval Office, Obama looked directly into the TV camera, hands clasped in front of him on his desk, family photos and the U.S. and presidential flags behind him.

Even as he turns control of the war over to the Iraqis � and trying to cap one of the most divisive chapters in recent American history � Obama is escalating the conflict in Afghanistan. He pledged anew that the United States would keep up the fight in that war, the longest since Vietnam.

And in Iraq, for all the finality of Obamas remarks, the war is not over. More Americans are likely to die. The country is plagued by violence and political instability, and Iraqis struggle with constant shortages of electricity and water.

Obama is keeping up to 50,000 troops in Iraq for support and counterterrorism training, and the last forces are not due to leave until the end of 2011 at the latest.

As the commander in chief over a war he opposed, Obama took pains to thank troops for their sacrifice but made clear he saw the day as more the marking of a mistake ended than a mission accomplished. He spoke of strained relations with allies, anger at home and the heaviest of wartime tolls.

"We have met our responsibility," Obama said. "Now it is time to turn the page."

To underscore his point, Obama said he had telephoned called Bush, whom he had taunted so often in the 2008 campaign, and he prominently praised the former Republican president in the heart of his speech.

"Its well known that he and I disagreed about the war from its outset," Obama said. "Yet no one could doubt President Bushs support for our troops, or his love of country and commitment to our security."

In a post-Sept. 11, 2001, world, the Iraq war began with bipartisan congressional backing � based on what turned out to be flawed intelligence � over what Bush called a "grave danger" to the world posed by Saddam Hussein.

Now, Iraq is in political turmoil, its leaders unable to form a new government long after March elections that left no clear winner. The uncertainty has left an opening for insurgents to pound Iraqi security forces, hardly the conditions the U.S. envisioned for this transition deadline, which Obama announced 18 months ago.

Obama pressed Iraqs leaders anew, saying it was time to show urgency and be accountable.

Obama sought both to assure his own nation that the war was finally winding down and yet also promise Iraq and those watching across the Middle East that the U.S. was not simply walking away.

"Our combat mission is ending," he said, "but our commitment to Iraqs future is not."



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FACT CHECK: Is Iraq combat really over for U.S.? AP

WASHINGTON Despite President Barack Obamas declaration Tuesday of an end to the combat mission in Iraq, combat almost certainly lies ahead.

And in asserting the U.S. has met its responsibilities in Iraq, the president opened the door wide to a debate about the meaning of success in the muddle that most � but not all � American troops are leaving behind.

A look at some of the statements Obama made in his Oval Office speech and how they compare with the facts:

OBAMA: "Tonight, I am announcing that the American combat mission in Iraq has ended."

THE FACTS: Peril remains for the tens of thousands of U.S. troops still in Iraq, who are likely if not certain to engage violent foes. Counterterrorism is chief among their continuing missions, pitting them against a lethal enemy. Several thousand special operations forces, including Army Green Berets and Navy SEALs, will continue to hunt and attempt to kill al-Qaida and other terrorist fighters � working closely with Iraqi forces. Obama said, "Of course, violence will not end with our combat mission," while stopping short of a full accounting of the hazards ahead for U.S. troops.

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OBAMA: "We have met our responsibility."

THE FACTS: That depends entirely on how the U.S. responsibility is defined.

Sectarian division � the danger that Obama said as a presidential candidate had to be addressed before Iraq could succeed � continues to deprive the country of a fully functioning government. U.S. goals for reconstruction are unmet. And although the U.S. says Iraqi forces can handle the insurgency largely on their own, Iraq is expected to need U.S. air power and other military support for years to control its own air space and to deter a possible attack by a neighboring state.

It was the U.S. that invaded Iraq, overthrew its government, disbanded its security forces and failed in the early phases of the conflict to understand the depth of Iraqs sectarian and ethnic divisions and its political paralysis. The U.S. in some minds is responsible for putting Iraq back together again, yet today Iraq has no permanent government and its security forces arguably are not fully prepared to defend the countrys skies and borders.

In inheriting a war he opposed from the start, Obama did not accept U.S. responsibilities so broadly.

It will take time to see if his more limited view of success bears out. In May, he said: "This is what success looks like: an Iraq that provides no haven to terrorists; a democratic Iraq that is sovereign and stable and self-reliant."

Al-Qaida terrorists are "not gone" from Iraq, Defense Secretary Robert Gates said Tuesday. But he hailed "an important victory against transnational terror" because "al-Qaida in Iraq has been largely cut from its masters abroad."

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OBAMA: "Unfortunately, over the last decade, we have not done what is necessary to shore up the foundation of our own prosperity. We have spent over a trillion dollars at war, often financed by borrowing from overseas. This, in turn, has shortchanged investments in our own people, and contributed to record deficits."

THE FACTS: This is partly true. For sure, the costly Iraq and Afghanistan wars have contributed to the nations budget deficit � but not by as much as Obama suggests. The current annual deficit is now an estimated $1.5 trillion. But as recently as 2007, the budget deficit was just $161.5 billion. And that was years after war expenses were in place for both the Afghanistan and Iraq conflicts.

Most of the current deficit is due to the longest recession since the 1930s. It has seriously depressed tax revenues while increasing costs to the government � including social safety-net programs such as unemployment insurance and spending by both the outgoing Bush and incoming Obama administrations on stimulus programs and on bailouts of banks and automakers.

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OBAMA: "This was my pledge to the American people as a candidate for this office."

THE FACTS: At one stage of the presidential campaign, Obama spoke of an earlier departure of troops than he ultimately achieved. "I have put forward a plan that will get our troops out by the end of 2009," he said in a January 2008 Democratic candidates debate. But his pledge for most of the campaign was to withdraw combat troops within 16 months, a promise kept.

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Associated Press writer Tom Raum contributed to this report.



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Earl could force US evacuations ahead of Labor Day AP

RALEIGH, N.C. A powerful Hurricane Earl threatened to sideswipe much of the East Coast just ahead of Labor Day, worrying countless vacationers who planned to spend the traditional last week of summer at the beach.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency warned people along the Eastern Seaboard to prepare for possible evacuations and islanders in the Turks and Caicos hunkered down in their homes Tuesday as the Category 4 hurricane steamed across the Caribbean with winds of 135 mph.

North Carolina officials late Tuesday announced the first evacuation would be Ocracoke Island beginning at 5 a.m. Wednesday. Tourists would be ordered to leave the barrier island accessible only by ferries, but those who live there year-round have the option to stay.

Earl was expected to remain over the open ocean before turning north and running parallel to the East Coast, bringing high winds and heavy rain to North Carolinas Outer Banks by late Thursday or early Friday. From there, forecasters said, it could curve away from the coast somewhat as it makes it way north, perhaps hitting Massachusetts Cape Cod and the Maine shoreline on Friday night and Saturday.

"My guests are calling and they dont know what to do and I dont know what to tell them," said Dave Dawson, owner of the oceanfront Cape Hatteras Motel in Buxton, N.C.

Forecasters cautioned that it was still too early to tell how close Earl might come to land. But not since Hurricane Bob in 1991 has such a powerful storm had such a large swath of the East Coast in its sights, said Dennis Feltgen, spokesman for the National Hurricane Center.

"A slight shift of that track to the west is going to impact a great deal of real estate with potential hurricane-force winds," Feltgen said.

Even if Earl stays well offshore, it will kick up rough surf and dangerous rip currents up and down the coast through the Labor Day weekend, a prime time for beach vacations, forecasters said.

The approaching storm troubled many East Coast beach towns that had hoped to capitalize on the BP oil spill and draw visitors who normally vacation on the Gulf Coast.

On Monday, Earl delivered a glancing blow to several small Caribbean islands, tearing roofs off homes and knocking out electricity to people in Anguilla, Antigua and St. Maarten. In Puerto Rico, nearly 187,000 people were without power and 60,000 without water, Gov. Luis Fortuno said. Cruise ships were diverted and flights canceled across the region. But there were no reports of deaths or serious injuries.

On Tuesday, gusty winds from Earls outer fringes whipped palm fronds and whistled through doors in the Turks and Caicos Islands as tied-down boats seesawed on white-crested surf.

Islanders gathered to watch big waves pound a Grand Turk shore as the wind sent sand and salt spray flying.

"We can hear the waves crashing against the reef really seriously," Kirk Graff, owner of the Captain Kirks Flamingo Cove Marina, said by telephone as he watched the darkening skies. "Anybody who hasnt secured their boats by now is going to regret it."

In the U.S., FEMA administrator Craig Fugate said state and local authorities may need to order evacuations along the Eastern Seaboard later this week if the storm does not veer away as expected.

"Today is the day to make sure you have your plan completed and your supplies in place," he said.

As of late Tuesday afternoon, Earl was centered about 150 miles east of Grand Turk island � and 1,000 miles southeast of Cape Hatteras, N.C. � as it headed northwest at 14 mph. Close on its heels was Tropical Storm Fiona, which had weakened considerably and not expected to get stronger at least for a couple of days.

Carl Hanes of Newport News, Va., kept an eye on the weather report as he headed for the beach near his rented vacation home in Avon, N.C. He, his wife and their two teenage children were anticipating Earl might force them to leave on Thursday, a day ahead of schedule.

"Were trying not to let it bother us," Hanes said before enjoying the calm surf.

In Rehoboth Beach, Del., Judy Rice said she has no plans to leave the vacation home where she has spent most of the summer. In fact, the Oak Hill, Va., resident plans to walk around town in the rain if it comes.

"I kind of enjoy it actually. You know, its battling the elements," Rice said. "I have seen the rain go sideways, and, yeah, it can be scary, but I have an old house here in Rehoboth, so its probably more important that I am here during a storm than anywhere."

In the Florida Panhandle, which has struggled all summer to lure back tourists scared away by the Gulf oil spill, bookings were up 12 percent over last year at the Sandestin Golf and Beach Resort. The resort is nowhere near Earls projected path, and spokeswoman Laurie Hobbs said she suspects the increase in reservations was partly because of a discount the hotel is offering and partly because of the hurricane.

"Weather drives business," she said. "They go to where the weather is best."

If Earl brings rain farther inland, it could affect the U.S. Open tennis tournament, being played now through Sept. 12 in New York City.

"Were keeping our eye on it very closely," said United States Tennis Association spokesman Chris Widmaier. "Its still a little early to tell how it will track and were hoping it will stay off the coast."

On the coast of southern Maine, about 15 people have already canceled Labor Day reservations at Burnettes Campground in York because of concerns about Earl, said owner David Woods.

But a Labor Day weekend washout wont have the impact it would have had a decade ago.

"Labor Days have changed in the past 10 years," he said. "It used to be the big bang end to summer, but now from the 15th of August until the first of September, it sort of dwindles off."

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Associated Press Writers Mike Baker in Raleigh; Kathleen Miller in Washington; David Sharpe in Portland, Maine; Suzette Laboy in Miami; Vivian Tyson in Providenciales, Turks and Caicos; Ben Fox in Fajardo, Puerto Rico; Anika Kentish in St. Johns, Antigua; Judy Fitzpatrick in Philipsburg, St. Maarten; and David McFadden, Mike Melia and Danica Coto in San Juan contributed to this report.



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Unprecedented challenge to save Chilean miners AP

SAN JOSE MINE, Chile The effort to save 33 men trapped deep in a Chilean mine is an unprecedented challenge, mining safety experts said Tuesday. It means months of drilling, then a harrowing three-hour trip in a cage up a narrow hole carved through solid rock.

If all of that is successful, the freed men will emerge from the earth and "feel born again," said an American miner who was part of a group dramatically rescued in 2002 with similar techniques. But that rescue pulled men from a spot only one-tenth as deep.

"Theyre facing the most unusual rescue that has ever been dealt with," said Dave Feickert, director of KiaOra, a mine safety consulting firm in New Zealand that has worked to improve Chinas dangerous mines. "Every one of these rescues presents challenging issues. But this one is unique."

First, engineers must use a 31-ton drill to create a "pilot" hole from the floor of the Atacama Desert down 2,200 feet 700 meters to the area in the San Jose mine where the men wait.

Then, the drill must be fitted with a larger bit to carve out a rescue chimney that will be about 26 inches 66 centimeters wide � a task that means guiding the drill through solid rock while keeping the drill rod from snapping or getting bogged down as it nears its target.

Finally, the men must be brought up one at a time inside a specially built cage � a trip that will take three hours each. Just hauling the men up will itself take more than four days � if there are no problems.

"Nothing of this magnitude has happened before; its absolutely unheard of," said Alex Gryska, a mine rescue manager with the Canadian government.

Gryska said he is confident Chiles state-run Codelco mining company, with its vast expertise in the worlds top copper-producing nation, would successfully drill the hole out. But he said he is worried about the three to four months officials say it will take to do so � and the key role the miners themselves will play in their own rescue.

Chilean officials said the miners will have to remove upward of 3,000 tons of rock as it falls into the area where they are trapped. There is little danger to the men � the area includes a shelter and about 500 meters yards of a shaft outside that. But as the rock starts to fall a month from now, the men will work in nonstop shifts to remove it with wheelbarrows and industrial sweepers.

"The thing that concerns me is welfare of workers, their mental state. That will be real tough," said Gryska. "From a health perspective, its hot down there. Theyre talking about working 24/7 in 85 degrees for two months. Their mental state for that work will be critical."

Early on, Chiles Health Minister Jaime Manalich said at least five of the men showed signs of depression. But spirits have improved with a supply of water, food, special clothes to keep them dry in damp conditions and the first verbal communication with loved ones this week.

Chilean officials met with four "life sciences" specialists from NASA on Tuesday in Santiago.

Michael Duncan, NASAs deputy chief medical officer who is leading the team in Chile, said his group had been asked to provide help in nutrition and behavioral health.

Duncan, speaking at a news conference in Santiago, said his team viewed two videos the miners made of themselves and their surroundings � and they clearly raised some concern about weight loss.

He said a priority was increasing the miners caloric intake, getting them on a regular sleep schedule and ensuring they remain optimistic.

"These miners showed us tremendous strength in surviving as long as they did without any contact with the surface," he said. "What we want to try to avoid is any kind of situation of hopelessness on the part of the miners."

That could mean increasing their contact with the outside world � including bringing in celebrities or even astronauts who have survived long periods of isolation in space, Duncan said.

If the miners remain healthy during their long period underground and if the drilling goes as planned, they will then face the ordeal of being stuffed into a tubular, metal cage for three hours as they are slowly pulled up.

Experts say one of the few times such a technique was used was when nine U.S. miners were hauled out of the flooded Quecreek Mine near Somerset, Pennsylvania, in 2002. But those men were trapped for just three days 73 meters 240 feet underground.

Quecreek survivor Mark Popernack noted the Chilean miners "already went through more than what we went through," but the Somerset, Pennsylvania, resident said no matter the method, "to come up is the best thing in the world."

"If they make it, if they get that hole drilled, when they come out of there, theyll feel like theyre being born again," said Popernack.

"Enjoy the ride, thats my advice to them," he said. "Itll be a long ride, but theyll enjoy it. Because when they see the light of day, theyre going to feel pretty good."

This version CORRECTS in first paragraph that not all 33 miners are Chilean; one is Bolivian.



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Farmer-turned-hunger striker dies in Venezuela AP

CARACAS, Venezuela A farmer who held repeated hunger strikes in a land dispute with Venezuelas government has died in a military hospital where he had been taken against his will.

For opponents of President Hugo Chavez, Franklin Britos emaciated figure became a symbol of government highhandedness and they joined the family Tuesday in accusing the government of violating his rights.

Britos family announced his death Monday night, saying his "body stopped carrying out vital functions."

"Fundamental human rights were violated in my fathers case," Britos daughter, Angela, told journalists outside the hospital Tuesday while the family waited for his body to be turned over. "They held him in the military hospital against his will for nearly nine months. They didnt give access to doctors he trusted, even though he requested it."

Venezuelan officials say they took Brito to the hospital trying to safeguard his life, and have accused Chavez opponents of using him for political purposes.

The 49-year-old farmer began his protests in 2004, blaming the government for the seizure of a portion of his 716 acres 290 hectares by other farmers who invaded his property. The squatters moved onto land where Brito grew cassava, watermelons and cantaloupes after the government gave permission to others to work adjacent lands � eventually cutting off his access to the farm.

Such conflicts have played out across Venezuela as Chavezs socialist-oriented government has backed seizures of farms that it deems unproductive and has awarded supporters with plots to cultivate.

Brito lived out his final months withering away in the military hospital in Caracas, where he was taken against his will in December by authorities who picked him up from his protest camp outside the offices of the Organization of American States.

Relatives and other critics said the government held responsibility for his condition in the hospital.

"Franklin Britos death is a consequence of the intransigence, of the arrogant way Venezuela is being governed," said Marino Alvarado, leader of the human rights group Provea. "This is a case that could have been resolved with a little bit of willingness to have a dialogue."

Chavezs agriculture minister, Juan Carlos Loyo, said the government never proposed taking Britos land and tried to help him.

Loyo said in comments reported by the state-run Venezuelan News Agency that he visited Brito recently at the hospital hoping to see "how we could help for humanitarian reasons."

Goverment officials have said they ordered squatters to leave Britos land and neighbors were ordered to allow him access to the land.

But Brito had a drastically different view, saying he wanted the government to acknowledge in writing that it had erred in providing the farming permits and taking away his access to the land. He felt that would guarantee his property rights, and was a matter of principle.

During six years of on-and-off protests, he said it was important to establish what occurred � saying it was a "farm that was expropriated, although later they have wanted to erase" that.

"Some people think Im crazy, but this way I help my children more than giving up. This is a matter of dignity," Brito said during one protest.

Over the past eight years, Chavezs government says it has seized more than 5 million acres 2 million hectares of farmland, often targeting property that officials contend was either fallow or underused. The government has said it aims to boost food production and aid the landless.

Critics say the measures have often targeted working farms and are hurting food output.

Britos public struggle � which his family said involved more than eight hunger strikes � began in November 2004 in a city plaza in Caracas. He refused food for nine days, then ended that protest after authorities promised to tend to his case.

In July 2005, Brito sewed his mouth shut to protest what his family called the governments failure to live up to its promise. Later, he grabbed attention by cutting off a finger in front of the television cameras.

Chavez opponents accused the government of moving Brito to the military hospital to make his protests less visible. Once there, he intensified his protests.

He died six days before his 50th birthday.

Both his family and opposition politicians called him a champion of human rights.

His daughter, Angela, said while waiting for his body to be released that an autopsy was being performed and that the family had not yet been told the cause of death. She said recently that he was in an induced coma and had severe respiratory problems.

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Associated Press videojournalist Yesica Fisch and AP writer Jorge Rueda contributed to this report.



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Blair memoir excites booksellers, riles critics AP

LONDON Its a political memoir with celebrity trappings � secrecy, security, a multimillion-dollar deal and, crucially, controversy.

Tony Blairs "A Journey" was stirring political passions even before it hits bookstores Wednesday, with excerpts revealing that the former British prime minister has cried for soldiers and civilians killed in Iraq, but still thinks it was right to invade and topple Saddam Hussein.

The decision to go to war remains Blairs most divisive legacy. In excerpts from the book released by the publisher late Tuesday, Blair says "I ... regret with every fiber of my being the loss of those who died."

"Tears, though there have been many, do not encompass it," he says.

But, he says, "on the basis of what we do know now, I still believe that leaving Saddam in power was a bigger risk to our security than removing him and that, terrible though the aftermath was, the reality of Saddam and his sons in charge of Iraq would at least arguably be much worse."

"I cant regret the decision to go to war," he says.

Blair also reopens domestic political wounds, saying he found his rival and successor Gordon Brown difficult and maddening.

British booksellers are reporting heavy interest in the book, for which Blair was paid an estimated 4.6 million pounds $7.5 million. Hes donating the proceeds to a charity for injured troops.

Billed by publisher Random House as a "frank, open" account of life at the top, "A Journey" is being published in a dozen countries, alongside an e-book and an audio version read by Blair himself. Its in the top 10 on Amazons British best-seller list � though its only 4,000 on the retailers U.S. site.

"Initial sales will be huge," said Jonathan Ruppin of Foyles book store chain. "But whether those sales are sustained will depend on how frank and open it is."

Blair � who is scheduled to be in Washington on publication day, attending Israeli-Palestinian peace talks in his role as an international Mideast envoy � has said he "set out to write a book which describes the human as much as the political dimensions of life as prime minister."

"A Journey" promises to give readers behind-the-curtain insights into major world events from the death of Princess Diana to the Sept. 11 attacks and the invasion of Iraq.

It is unlikely to resolve the conflicting views and emotions Blair evokes.

For many Americans, he remains a well-regarded ally who stood shoulder-to-shoulder with the U.S. in the fight against international terrorism. Hes scheduled to receive the 2010 Liberty Medal from former President Bill Clinton in Philadelphia on Sept. 13.

At home, he is a more polarizing figure. Swept to power in 1997 on a wave of popular enthusiasm, Blair left office a decade later reviled by many for taking Britain into the U.S.-led Iraq war, and viewed as a liability by much of his own Labour Party.

"He began as a leader who was a friend of everyone, and he finished as a friend of almost no one in Britain," said Blair biographer Anthony Seldon.

Anti-war groups say they will picket Blairs book signings in Dublin on Saturday and in London on Sept. 8. Both are high-security affairs at which book buyers will have to surrender their bags, cameras and mobile phones � and are barred from asking for personal dedications.

Blair, 57, stepped down in June 2007 after a decade that included a historic peace accord in Northern Ireland, the deeply unpopular war in Iraq and the continuing conflict in Afghanistan.

He was Labours most successful leader for decades, moved the left-leaning party toward the center and brought it back to power after 18 years in opposition.

But when he left, after years of increasingly open hostility with Brown, his party was divided.

In the book, Blair calls Brown "difficult, at times maddening," but says "he was also strong, capable and brilliant."

Brown, and Labour, lost power in an election in May, and Blair does not exactly heap praise on his time in office.

"It is easy to say now, in the light of his tenure as prime minister, that I should have stopped it; at the time that would have been well nigh impossible," Blair writes.

Blair has been at the center of numerous books, notably "The Blair Years," by former press secretary Alastair Campbell, and the recently published memoir "The Third Man," by Labour insider Peter Mandelson.

He was also the inspiration for the former prime minister dogged by allegations of war crimes in Robert Harris thriller "The Ghost," which was turned into a film by Roman Polanski.

Seldon said most political memoirs are self-serving, "historically pretty useless" and dont live up to the hype.

Blair insists his will be different, and Seldon says the former politician is part of a small group whose words may have wide appeal.

"Britain doesnt have many prime ministers who are international figures," said Seldon. "We have had Churchill, we have had Thatcher, we have had Blair."

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Online: http://ping.fm/A7hxW



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House GOP leader jabs at Iraq war surge critics AP

MILWAUKEE Congressional leaders who opposed the troop surge in Iraq are now taking credit for it, and President Barack Obama is more worried about ending the war than winning it, House Republican leader John Boehner said Tuesday.

Boehner made his remarks at the American Legions national convention in Milwaukee hours before Obama was scheduled to deliver an Oval Office speech marking the end of U.S. combat operations in Iraq.

About 50,000 U.S. troops remain in Iraq in a training and backup role, however. All forces are scheduled to withdraw by the end of 2011.

"Today we mark not the defeat those voices anticipated � but progress," Boehner said.

Obama was an early critic of the war, spoke out against it during the U.S. invasion and promised during his campaign to end the conflict.

Boehner, a 10-term congressional veteran from Ohio, could become the House speaker if Republicans take control of the chamber in Novembers elections. He choked up as he heaped praise on veterans and kept his criticisms vague.

"Some leaders who ... fought tooth-and-nail" to stop the surge are now claiming credit for its success, Boehner said.

He listed three lawmakers, including one in the House and another in the U.S. Senate, who said former President George W. Bushs troop surge in 2007 wouldnt work � but didnt name them.

A Democratic Iraq provides the best defense against the "menace" of Iran, Boehner said, but warned the country will continue to be a target for Americas enemies. He said he hoped Obama would outline during his speech what he will do if progress there deteriorates.

"Over the past several months, weve often heard about ending the war in Iraq, but not much about winning the war in Iraq," Boehner said.

Wisconsin Democratic Party spokesman Graeme Zielinski countered Boehners comments, saying the House GOP leader "hardly has the record to criticize" the Obama administration.

"His choice of words on the surge reflects the kind of politics that poisoned discussion of foreign policy and national security we should be going away from," Zielinski said.

Pivoting to the war in Afghanistan, Boehner said the president must emphasize a commitment to success rather than "arbitrary" withdrawal deadlines. Obama has said he will begin withdrawing troops there by the middle of next year, although Gen. David Petraeus has drafted guidelines for a 2014 withdrawal.



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New photos show Fidel Castro with US journalist AP

HAVANA Cuba on Tuesday released pictures of Fidel Castro with an American magazine correspondent and a Washington-based policy expert, while a Mexican newspaper published an interview in which the gray-bearded revolutionary expressed regret for past persecution of homosexuals.

The images show Cubas 84-year-old former leader with Jeffrey Goldberg of The Atlantic and Julia E. Sweig from the Council on Foreign Relations during a visit Monday to the Havana aquarium � Castros second trip there during a media blitz that has seen him making near daily appearances.

Goldberg is a national correspondent for the magazine who has written on the Middle East and Iran. State media reported that he and Sweig interviewed Castro, but gave no indication of what was said.

For months, Castro has warned of nuclear war that would pit Washington and Israel against Iran and would also involve an attack on North Korea. He even said he expected fighting to begin earlier this summer, but has since said those doomsday predictions may have been somewhat premature.

The Council on Foreign Relations is a nonpartisan think tank with offices in New York and Washington, and Sweig is a longtime scholar on the U.S.-Cuba relationship.

Also Tuesday, Mexicos left-leaning daily La Jornada published an interview in which Castro said Cuban authorities had been wrong to send gays and lesbians to work camps in the early years of his government.

"Those were moments of great injustice, great injustice" the paper quoted Castro as saying.

In the 1960s and early 1970s, Cuban officials fired homosexuals from state jobs, imprisoned them or sent them to work camps. Castro told La Jornada, "Yes, we did it, us," but also said, "I am trying to limit my responsibility in all this because, of course, I personally do not hold those kinds of prejudices."

Still, when pressed if the Communist Party or some other entity was behind what occurred Castro said, "No, if any person was responsible, its me."

He said he had been too busy coping with events such as the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis to stop what occurred. "We had so many and such terrible problems, problems of life or death, that we didnt pay it enough attention."

Government media campaigns now discourage homophobia and the state has even paid for a few sex-change operations for transsexuals.

Also, Fidels niece Mariela, the daughter of President Raul Castro, is today the countrys leading gay rights advocate.

Castros comments to La Jornada elaborated on past acknowledgments of his governments mistreatment of gays.

"Id like to think that discrimination against homosexuals is a problem that is being overcome," he said during interviews with French journalist Ignacio Ramonet between 2003 and 2005. "Old prejudices and narrow-mindedness will increasingly be things of the past."

Cubas ex-president underwent emergency intestinal surgery in July 2006 and disappeared from public view for four years, recuperating from an undisclosed illness in a secret location. But he has been popping up everywhere of late.

He even took in the dolphin show at the aquarium on July 15.

Also accompanying Castro at the aquarium were leaders of Cubas Jewish community.

Alan P. Gross, a 60-year-old native of Potomac, Maryland, was working for a firm contracted by the U.S. Agency for International Development when he was arrested Dec. 3 in Havana and sent to the high-security Villa Marista prison.

Cuba says Gross was distributing illegal satellite phones, but he apparently has not yet been charged with a crime, nearly nine months after his arrest.

Gross family says he was distributing communications equipment to the islands Jewish community for humanitarian reasons.



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Hamas claims responsibility for attack on Israelis AP

JERUSALEM The Islamic militant Hamas is claiming responsibility for a shooting attack that killed four Israelis in the West Bank.

Hamas military wing spokesman Abu Obeida told The Associated Press late Tuesday that Hamas carried out the attack near the West Bank city of Hebron.

THIS IS A BREAKING NEWS UPDATE. Check back soon for further information. APs earlier story is below.

JERUSALEM AP � A Palestinian gunman opened fire Tuesday on an Israeli vehicle in the West Bank and killed four passengers on the eve of a new round of Mideast peace talks in Washington. The Islamic militant Hamas praised the shooting.

There was no immediate claim of responsibility. But in the past, militant groups have staged attacks in an effort to sabotage peace efforts.

Police spokesman Micky Rosenfeld said the gunman opened fire at a vehicle traveling near Hebron � a volatile city that has been a flash point of violence in the past. Some 500 ultranationalist Jewish settlers live in heavily fortified enclaves in the city amid more than 100,000 Palestinians.

Israels national rescue service said the victims were two men and two women. It gave no further details. Israeli media reported that one of the women was pregnant and that the dead ranged in age from mid-20s to mid-40s. The reports said everyone in the car was killed.

The attack occurred as Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was en route to Washington for a White House summit launching peace talks on Wednesday. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas was already in the U.S. capital meeting with U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton.

President Barack Obama hopes to forge a peace agreement within one year.

Asked about the shooting, State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley said the U.S. is aware "there are those who will do whatever they can to disrupt or derail the process."

Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak promised a tough response to an attack he said was aimed at sabotaging the talks.

"Israel will not allow terrorists to raise their heads and will exact a price from the murderers and those who send them," he said in a statement.

There is widespread opposition to the resumption of the peace talks among Palestinians. Hamas, which rules Gaza, opposes any contact with Israel and has harshly criticized Abbas for agreeing to resume the negotiations.

Hamas is considered a terrorist group by the U.S., Israel and European Union and is the main rival of Abbas and his Fatah movement. Hamas expelled Fatah forces from Gaza in its violent takeover in 2007.

In a statement, Gaza Hamas spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri said the group "praises the Hebron operation." He did not claim responsibility or mention the peace talks.

Netanyahu, leader of a hard-line coalition of religious and nationalist parties, has said that protecting Israels security interests will be his top priority as he negotiates with the Palestinians.

Before leaving for Washington, Netanyahu told his Likud Party that he would seek "real arrangements on the ground" that ensure the security of Israelis.

"True peace is not a short break between wars, its not a short break between terror attacks. True peace is something that persists dozens of years, that stands well for generations," he said.

Education Minister Gideon Saar, a member of Netanyahus Likud Party, denounced the shooting. "This is not the first time, especially with peace talks in the background, that the automatic Palestinian reaction is terror attacks against Israelis," he told Israels Channel 10 TV.

The attack disrupted a relative lull in the West Bank. The last fatal attack occurred in June, when Palestinians opened fire on a police vehicle near Hebron and killed one officer.

It was the deadliest Palestinian attack against Israelis since March 2008, when a lone assailant gunned down eight students in a Jerusalem rabbinical seminary.

Opposition to resuming talks is also coming from within the Palestine Liberation Organization, an umbrella group headed by Abbas. Some Fatah activists threaten to try to depose him if he makes concessions, and several hard-line PLO groups plan a demonstration in the West Bank administrative capital of Ramallah on Wednesday to protest resumption of negotiations.

A previous U.S. launching of Israeli-Palestinian peace talks was also accompanied by deadly violence. Palestinian gunmen shot and killed an Israeli in the West Bank before then-President George W. Bush convened Israeli and Palestinian leaders for a summit in Annapolis, Maryland, in November 2007. The gunmen said the attack was "an act of protest against the Annapolis conference."

Talking to reporters on his plane heading for Washington, Abbas called for decisive American involvement in the talks.

He said that if the two sides reach a deadlock, the Obama administration should "present bridging proposals to bridge the gap between the two positions."

In one major challenge to the first direct talks between the sides in two years, Abbas warned it would be difficult to continue negotiating if Israel fails to extend a 10-month curb on West Bank settlement construction that ends in late September. Netanyahu has not made a final decision.

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Associated Press writer Robert Burns contributed to this report from Washington.



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Corruption probe ruffles US-Afghan relations AP

KABUL, Afghanistan A bribery probe involving a top adviser to President Hamid Karzai has angered the Afghan leader and threatens to damage U.S. relations with Kabul just three months after a White House visit that seemed to smooth ties at a critical stage in the war.

Instead, tensions have risen over the aides arrest by a U.S.-advised team, and the U.S. says it is watching the next anti-corruption steps closely.

In the days that followed, Karzai bluntly criticized U.S. war strategy and ordered private security companies in the nation to disband in four months. He also signed off on the forced retirement of a veteran corruption-fighter amid allegations by the ousted prosecutor and others that cases against high-ranking government officials were being blocked.

U.S. officials have been pressing Karzai to step up efforts to root out corruption, and he has pledged to do that. At the same time, he has pushed back, saying the international community needs to do more to eliminate corruption in its own procedures involving contractors and eliminate terrorist havens outside Afghanistans borders.

Uncertainty about Karzais commitment to combat graft and corruption comes as the last of 30,000 U.S. reinforcements arrived in Afghanistan. U.S. and NATO military officials are stressing the need to follow security gains on the battlefield with improvements in governance � and do it posthaste.

"What we are seeking to do is to encourage the development of good governance � that which serves the people rather than that which preys on the people," Gen. David Petraeus, the top commander of U.S. and NATO troops in Afghanistan, told The Associated Press and two other news organizations Tuesday.

The recent arrest of Mohammad Zia Salehi, the chief of administration for Afghanistans National Security Council, may have stymied that goal.

Salehi, who has not been formally charged, was arrested in July for allegedly accepting a car in exchange for his help in thwarting another corruption case involving a company that handles huge money transfers worldwide.

Outraged by the arrest, Karzai intervened and ordered his release. Western law enforcement officials who advised on the case said investigators followed Afghan law in taking Salehi into custody for questioning. Karzai insisted that Salehis civil rights were violated in the arrest that he described as reminiscent "of the Soviet Union, where people were taken away from their homes by armed people in the name of the state."

Karzai ordered a review of the conduct of Afghanistans Major Crimes Task Force and Sensitive Investigative Unit, who were both involved in the arrest. The two units, which are mentored by U.S. and British law enforcement officials, investigate corruption allegations against high-level Afghan government officials and then feed cases to Afghan prosecutors.

In the past few days, Karzai signed a decree directing the Ministry of Justice and Karzai aide Nasrullah Stanekzai, who heads the legal advisory board for the palace, to outline the legal responsibilities and authorities of the two units. Stanekzai, who is also a law professor at Kabul University, said they were working on a draft.

The forced retirement of Deputy Attorney General Fazel Ahmed Faqiryar fueled the controversy.

Attorney General Mohammad Ishaq Aloko wrote a retirement letter for Faqiryar, saying the 72-year-old prosecutor had exceeded 40 years of government service allowed by law. Karzai accepted it and Faqiryar was out of a job.

State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley said U.S. officials were in touch with Afghan officials over Faqiryars retirement, but would leave it to them to explain the decision.

"What he Faqiryar was doing was vitally important to fighting corruption in Afghanistan," Crowley said. "It is an area we are watching closely. We are concerned by recent pronouncements, recent actions by the Afghan government. The government has to demonstrate that it is living up to the commitments made by President Karzai and others that it is going to allow the institutions that are being built in Afghanistan, including the Major Crimes Task Force and the Special Investigative Unit, to be able to function free of political interference."

Faqiryar, who disputed the length of his government service, said he wanted to continue to work.

He told the AP that cases against three or four former Cabinet ministers had been completed but were put on hold and had not been sent to the courts. He said five provincial governors have been accused of corruption, with two of the cases sent to court and three remaining under investigation. Faqiryar also said several Afghan ambassadors to other nations had been accused of corruption.

Meanwhile, there has been no change in the Salehi case, according to Ahmad Beg Qadiry, who was named to replace Faqiryar. The attorney generals office sent letters to Salehi asking that he or his defense attorney submit to questioning, and "so far he has not appeared and there is no other development in that case," Qadiry said.

Petraeus said Karzai has stated publicly that corruption undermines the legitimacy of his government in the eyes of the Afghan people. The general said, however, that hundreds of judicial officials have been removed and numerous government and security officials have been fired or thrown in jail � most recently an Afghan brigadier general who commanded border forces in western Afghanistan.

"There are numerous other cases that are pending. Some of those have been reported on in the press," Petraeus said, adding that Karzai has promised President Barack Obama and Sen. John Kerry, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, that he wants to bolster anti-corruption efforts.

"In the months ahead, obviously we look forward to seeing the actions that are taken," he said.

On Monday, Rep. Rick Larsen, D-Wash., just back from Afghanistan, criticized Karzai for failing to stem government corruption.

Larsen, a member of the House Armed Services Committee, said he entered a meeting with Karzai frustrated at the lack of progress in Afghanistan and left the hourlong session "disturbed."

Larsen said eliminating corruption is impossible but Karzai should do what he can to minimize it.

"I think the patience of the American people is almost done," he said.

In recent days, Karzai has hinted at his own indignation. In statements laced with nationalist rhetoric, he has said there is a "serious need" to alter strategy against extremists � that the fight is not in Afghan villages, but across the border in Pakistan.

"The experience of the last eight years showed that the fight in the villages of Afghanistan has been ineffective apart from causing civilian casualties," Karzai said in a statement Monday after meeting with German Parliament Speaker Norbert Lammert.

Afghan National Security Adviser Rangin Dadfar Spanta accused Pakistan of nurturing and mentoring militants while the U.S. continues to provide billions of dollars in aid and assistance. The Afghan people are no longer "ready to pay the price for the international communitys miscalculation and naivete," he said in an op-ed published Aug. 23 in The Washington Post.



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Flood victim gives birth in graveyard in Pakistan AP

MAKLI, Pakistan Jannah Soorjo was forced to give birth Tuesday in a sprawling Muslim graveyard in southern Pakistan filled with hundreds of thousands of flood victims, a reminder of the pain and despair gripping the country even as the floodwaters begin to flow out to sea.

The feverish 26-year-old mother is one of 500,000 women affected by the floods whom the United Nations expects will give birth in the next six months. Many of their children will enter a world where food and water are scarce and the risk of deadly disease is high.

"I gave birth to this baby, but how can I arrange food for him here," Soorjo said, cradling her newborn son. "He seems to be sick, and we dont have money for his treatment."

Soorjo fled to the cemetery on top of a hill in Makli four days ago to escape the floodwaters, which inundated dozens of villages and towns in her southern Sindh province.

The floods began over a month ago in the northwest after extremely heavy monsoon rains and surged south along the Indus River.

The floodwaters finally started emptying into the Arabian Sea on Tuesday, hours after swallowing the two final towns in its path, both of which had been evacuated, said disaster management official Hadi Bakhsh.

But the challenges of delivering emergency aid to 8 million people remained.

"The situation is extremely critical," said Josette Sheeran, the head of the World Food Program, after touring flood-stricken areas with other top U.N. officials.

Her agency has managed to deliver food to 3 million people, but another 3 million require food aid, and that number could grow as authorities assess the damage the floods have done in the south, said Sheeran.

While the U.N.s childrens agency has delivered fresh water to 2 million people, it still needs to reach 6 million more, and aid workers have only managed to vaccinate 10 to 15 percent of the children in need, said UNICEF director Anthony Lake.

He warned that without quick action the country was headed toward a second wave of tragedy marked by outbreaks of cholera and waterborne disease.

"This is likely to get much worse," said Lake during a joint news conference with other U.N. officials in Islamabad.

The scale of the disaster has raised concerns about the stability of nuclear-armed Pakistan, which is already reeling from al-Qaida and Taliban violence and massive economic woes.

Foreign countries have pledged hundreds of millions of dollars to help Pakistan respond to the floods. Even the countrys archenemy, India, has offered assistance and announced Tuesday that it was increasing its aid from $5 million to $25 million.

Donors have given about two-thirds of the $460 million the U.N. requested for emergency aid, said Sheeran, the head of the World Food Program. But the food agency itself has less than half the money it needs to feed those affected. The agency also needs 40 heavy helicopters to airlift food to the 800,000 people cut off from the heavily damaged road network, she said.

Foreign donors and the U.N. were slow to respond to the disaster, in part because it took a long time for its extent to become clear. Aid is slowly reaching the worst-affected areas by army helicopter, road and boat, but millions have received little or no help.

Authorities have also struggled to cope with a growing number of cases of severe diarrhea and malaria caused by dirty water that offers a perfect breeding ground for insects and disease. More than 500,000 cases of acute diarrhea and nearly 95,000 cases of suspected malaria have been treated since the floods first hit, the U.N.s World Health Organization said Tuesday.

Once all the floodwaters recede, the country will be left with a massive relief and reconstruction effort that will cost billions of dollars and take years. An estimated 1 million homes have been damaged or destroyed, five times as many as were hit by this years earthquake in Haiti.

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Associated Press Writer Ashraf Khan in Karachi and Ravi Nessman in Islamabad contributed to this report.



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PM says Iraq independent after US combat role ends AP

BAGHDAD Iraqs prime minister hailed the end of American combat operations Tuesday, saying Iraq is now an independent, sovereign country on equal footing with the U.S.

Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki spoke on what the U.S. has deemed its final day of combat operations in Iraq. Starting Wednesday, the remaining 50,000 American troops will be focused on advising the Iraqi forces although they will still be able to protect themselves and their bases.

"Iraq today is sovereign and independent," said al-Maliki. "Through implementing the troop withdrawal agreement, our relations with the United States of America have entered into a new phase between two equal, sovereign states."

Vice President Joe Biden was in Iraq Tuesday to commemorate the official end of combat operations. He met with top Iraqi officials, including the prime minister, in an attempt to encourage them to form a government after a nearly six-month impasse that followed an inconclusive March 7 election.

The vote failed to produce a clear winner and political leaders have been struggling for months to agree on who should lead the country during a critical time when the remaining U.S. troops will leave the country.

Al-Maliki rose to popularity by overseeing a return to relative stability after the bloody insurgency and by cracking down on militias that used to run rampant.

But his popularity has waned in recent months as violent attacks have continued, and many Iraqis worry the withdrawal of American combat troops is coming too soon.

Al-Maliki maintained his forces are able to protect the country.

"I assure you that the Iraqi security troops are capable and qualified to shoulder the responsibility and the cowardly terrorist acts that targeted civilians and state institutions are but a desperate attempt by al-Qaida and remnants of the former regime to prove their presence," he said. "We promise you a full withdrawal next year."



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FEMA: US evacuations may be required for Earl AP

RALEIGH, N.C. Federal officials say evacuations may be required in the U.S. if Hurricane Earl tracks too close to the East Coast.

Federal Emergency Management Agency administrator Craig Fugate said Tuesday that people along the eastern seaboard should be prepared in case evacuations are necessary later this week.

Officials will be closely monitoring the movement of the Category 4 storm to determine which parts of the coast will face the greatest impact. Its too early to tell right now what those might be.

Earl is forecast to potentially brush North Carolina late Thursday before running parallel to land up the East Coast on Friday and Saturday.

FEMA already has teams deployed in the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico and North Carolina. It has advance teams prepared to work with other states up the coast.

THIS IS A BREAKING NEWS UPDATE. Check back soon for further information. APs earlier story is below.

PROVIDENCIALES, Turks and Caicos AP � Islanders wary of a possible blow from powerful Hurricane Earl pulled boats ashore and packed supermarkets on the Turks and Caicos on Tuesday as the Category 4 storm howled over open seas toward the eastern United States.

The hurricane, with winds of 135 mph 215 kilometers, was expected to remain over the open ocean east of this British territory before turning north and running parallel to the U.S. coast, potentially reaching the North Carolina coastal region by Friday. It was projected then to curve back out to sea, perhaps swiping New England or far-eastern Canada.

"There is still considerable uncertainty as to how close the hurricane will come to the U.S. East Coast," the U.S. National Hurricane Center in Miami said in a bulletin Tuesday.

Earl delivered a glancing blow to several small Caribbean islands on Monday, tearing roofs off homes and cutting electricity to people in Anguilla, Antigua, and St. Maarten. Cruise ships were diverted and flights canceled across the region. But there were no reports of death or injury.

In Providenciales, Benson Capron was among several fishermen tying their boats to trees lining a beach.

"I hear it is going to pass, but I will not take any chances," Capron said. "Today I will not go out to fish."

The Hurricane Center said it was too early to say what effect Earl would have in the U.S., but warned it could at least kick up dangerous rip currents. A surfer died in Florida and a Maryland swimmer had been missing since Saturday in waves spawned by former Hurricane Danielle, which weakened to a tropical storm Monday far out in the north Atlantic.

Craig Fugate, administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, said Earls approach ought to serve as a reminder for Atlantic coastal states to update their evacuation plans.

"It wouldnt take much to have the storm come ashore somewhere on the coast," Fugate said. "The message is for everyone to pay attention."

The storms center passed just north of the British Virgin Islands on Monday afternoon. Despite a few lost fishing boats and several uprooted trees in Tortola and Anegada, there were no reports of major damage or injuries, said Sharleen DaBreo, disaster management agency director.

Early Tuesday, Earls center was about 230 miles 370 kilometers east of Grand Turk island as it headed west-northwest at 13 mph 30 kph, according to the hurricane center. Hurricane strength winds extended up to 70 miles 110 kilometers from the center, it said.

Tropical storm conditions were expected to spread into the Turks and Caicos by Tuesday afternoon, with a potential for above normal tides and dangerous tides. The territory was under a tropical warning and a tropical storm watch was in effect for the southeastern Bahamas.

Close on Earls heels, Tropical Storm Fiona formed Monday afternoon in the open Atlantic. The storm, with maximum winds of 40 mph 65 kph, was projected to pass just north of the Leeward Islands by Wednesday and stay farther out in the Atlantic than Earls northward path. Fiona wasnt expected to reach hurricane strength over the next several days.

The rapid development of Earl, which only became a hurricane Sunday, took some islanders and tourists by surprise.

In Anguilla, several utility poles were down and a couple of roofs had blown away, but it was still too dangerous to go out and assess the full extent of damage, said Martin Gussie, a police officer.

At El Conquistador Resort in Fajardo, Puerto Rico, people lined up at the reception desk, the lights occasionally flickering, to check out and head to the airport. There, more delays awaited.

John and Linda Helton of Boulder, Colo., opted to ride out the storm. The couple, celebrating their 41st wedding anniversary, finished a cruise Sunday and planned to spend three days in Puerto Rico.

"There was a huge line of people checking out as we were coming in, and I thought it was just that summer vacation must be over," said John Helton, a real estate appraiser. "But we paid for the room, so we might as well stick it out."

"I dont think we could get a flight even if we wanted to leave," Linda Helton added.

In St. Maarten, sand and debris littered the streets, and winds knocked down trees and electricity poles and damaged roofs. But police spokesman Ricardo Henson said there was no extensive damage to property.

In Antigua, at least one home was destroyed but there were no reports of serious injuries. Governor General Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack declared Monday a public holiday to keep islanders off the road and give them a chance to clean up.

___

Associated Press writers Ben Fox in Fajardo, Puerto Rico, Anika Kentish in St. Johns, Antigua, Judy Fitzpatrick in Philipsburg, St. Maarten, and David McFadden, Mike Melia and Danica Coto in San Juan and contributed to this report.



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Obama to honor troops as Iraq combat mission ends AP

WASHINGTON As President Barack Obama prepares to officially end the lengthy and divisive U.S. combat operation in Iraq, hell personally thank some of the soldiers who fought there for their service to a mission he forcefully opposed from the start.

Many of those soldiers deployed from Fort Bliss, the sprawling Army base in El Paso, Texas, that Obama will visit Tuesday. After speaking with the troops, Obama will return to Washington to address the nation and formally end a combat mission in Iraq that lasted more than seven years, leaving more than 4,400 U.S. troops dead and thousands more wounded.

Obama was an early critic of the war, speaking out against it during the U.S. invasion in early 2003 and promising during his presidential campaign to bring the conflict to an end. The White House sees Tuesdays benchmark as a promise kept and has gone to great lengths to promote it as such, dispatching Vice President Joe Biden to Iraq to preside over a formal change-of-command ceremony and raising Tuesday nights remarks to the level of an Oval Office address, something Obama has only done once before.

Among Obamas goals on Tuesday is honoring those who have served in Iraq since the March 2003 invasion, many returning to the battlefield for multiple tours of duty. White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said Monday that while the Iraq war would have never happened had Obama been commander in chief at the time, the president holds the service and sacrifice of the troops in high regard.

Appearing on nationally broadcast interviews Tuesday morning, Gibbs repeatedly brushed aside questions about whether Obama would credit President George W. Bushs troop surge with helping to pave the way for the withdrawal.

Top Republicans, however, were in no doubt. "Some leaders who opposed, criticized, and fought tooth-and-nail to stop the surge strategy now proudly claim credit for the results," House GOP leader John Boehner said, in excerpts of a speech he was to give to the American Legion convention in Milwaukee. "Today we mark not the defeat those voices anticipated - but progress."

In Gibbs appearances, he said its "not up for question" that candidate Obama agreed sending 30,000 more troops to Iraq would bolster security. But "a number of things" brought the United States to this point, including the move toward greatrer political accommodation among the Sunni, Shia and Kurdish factions, the spokesman said.

Pressed on this point, Gibbs said, "Again, I think the president has always stated, and always believed" that adding significant numbers of American troops would stabilize the security environment, "but obviously the leaders in Iraq had to make some political accommodation to move that nation forward."

Asked if Obama would support sending combat troops back if new waves of violence threatened the country, Gibbs said that Obama had been assured recently by commander Gen. Ray Odierno that such a scenario would be very unlikely.

"This is not a victory lap," he said. "Youre not going to see any Mission Accomplished banners that will be unfurled. "

Since the start of the war, 200,000 personnel from Fort Bliss have deployed to Iraq, serving in every major phase of the war. Fifty-one soldiers from the base died there and many more were wounded.

Last week, some 600 soldiers from the 1st Brigade Combat Team returned to the base as part of Obamas self-imposed Aug. 31 deadline for having all U.S. combat troops out of Iraq. Just about 50,000 U.S. troops will remain, down from a peak of nearly 170,000 in 2007. U.S. troops will no longer be allowed to go on combat missions unless requested and accompanied by Iraqi forces.

Administration officials have been careful to avoid equating the end of the combat mission with a mission accomplished. That was the phrase on the now-infamous banner that flew on an aircraft carrier seven years ago when Bush declared an end to major combat operations in Iraq, a symbol the Bush White House came to deeply regret as the war dragged on.

"You wont hear those words coming from us," Gibbs said Monday. "Obviously tomorrow marks a change in our mission. It marks a milestone that we have achieved in removing our combat troops. That is not to say that violence is going to end tomorrow."

Under a security agreement signed between the U.S. and Iraq before Obama took office, all U.S. forces must leave Iraq by the end of 2011. But the Obama administration insists the U.S. is not abandoning Iraq and is ramping up a diplomatic corps to help stabilize the countrys government and economy over the coming years.

"This redoubles the efforts of the Iraqis," Gibbs said. "They will write the next chapter in Iraqi history, and they will be principally responsible for it. We will be their ally, but the responsibility of charting the future of Iraq first and foremost belongs to the Iraqis."

Ahead of Tuesday nights remarks, Obama also planned to speak with Bush. While Bushs decision to invade Iraq was criticized by many, the troop surge Bush ordered in 2007 has been credited with tamping down violence in Iraq and helping keep the country from falling into a civil war.

Gibbs was interviewed on ABCs "Good Morning America," NBCs "Today" show, CBSs "The Early Show," CNN, Fox News Channel, MSNBC and National Public Radio.



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EU lawmakers criticize Russian handling of rally AP

MOSCOW Four European Union lawmakers joined a banned opposition rally in central Moscow on Tuesday and criticized Russian police for violently detaining an opposition leader and other protesters.

Heidi Hautala, who heads the EU parliaments subcommittee on human rights, called the detention of former Russian Prime Minister Boris Nemtsov at Tuesdays rally "a violation."

Baton-wielding police officers also violently pushed around her colleague, Dutch lawmaker Thijs Berman.

"This is an amazing way of dealing with democracy, shocking," Berman told The Associated Press.

Dozens of police officers heavily cordoned off the square where it was held and detained at least two dozen protesters. Police also detained some 60 protesters at a similar rally in St. Petersburg.

Opposition groups have been calling rallies on the 31st day of each month to honor the 31st article of the Russian Constitution, which guarantees the right of assembly. Most of the rallies have been banned or dispersed by police as unsanctioned.

The EU lawmakers were visiting Russia to attend a Sept. 1 commemoration ceremony for the hostage-taking raid on a school in Beslan in 2004 in which 334 people died � more than half of them children.

On Monday, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin said Russian police would keep breaking up opposition protests unless the dissidents obtain official permission to rally � permission they are routinely denied.

"You will be beaten upside the head with a truncheon. And thats it," Putin declared.



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Earl to brush Turks and Caicos on path toward US AP

PROVIDENCIALES, Turks and Caicos Islanders wary of a possible blow from powerful Hurricane Earl pulled boats ashore and packed supermarkets on the Turks and Caicos on Tuesday as the Category 4 storm howled over open seas toward the eastern United States.

The hurricane, with winds of 135 mph 215 kilometers, was expected to remain over the open ocean east of this British territory before turning north and running parallel to the U.S. coast, potentially reaching the North Carolina coastal region by Friday. It was projected then to curve back out to sea, perhaps swiping New England or far-eastern Canada.

"There is still considerable uncertainty as to how close the hurricane will come to the U.S. East Coast," the U.S. National Hurricane Center in Miami said in a bulletin Tuesday.

Earl delivered a glancing blow to several small Caribbean islands on Monday, tearing roofs off homes and cutting electricity to people in Anguilla, Antigua, and St. Maarten. Cruise ships were diverted and flights canceled across the region. But there were no reports of death or injury.

In Providenciales, Benson Capron was among several fishermen tying their boats to trees lining a beach.

"I hear it is going to pass, but I will not take any chances," Capron said. "Today I will not go out to fish."

The Hurricane Center said it was too early to say what effect Earl would have in the U.S., but warned it could at least kick up dangerous rip currents. A surfer died in Florida and a Maryland swimmer had been missing since Saturday in waves spawned by former Hurricane Danielle, which weakened to a tropical storm Monday far out in the north Atlantic.

Craig Fugate, administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, said Earls approach ought to serve as a reminder for Atlantic coastal states to update their evacuation plans.

"It wouldnt take much to have the storm come ashore somewhere on the coast," Fugate said. "The message is for everyone to pay attention."

The storms center passed just north of the British Virgin Islands on Monday afternoon. Despite a few lost fishing boats and several uprooted trees in Tortola and Anegada, there were no reports of major damage or injuries, said Sharleen DaBreo, disaster management agency director.

Early Tuesday, Earls center was about 230 miles 370 kilometers east of Grand Turk island as it headed west-northwest at 13 mph 30 kph, according to the hurricane center. Hurricane strength winds extended up to 70 miles 110 kilometers from the center, it said.

Tropical storm conditions were expected to spread into the Turks and Caicos by Tuesday afternoon, with a potential for above normal tides and dangerous tides. The territory was under a tropical warning and a tropical storm watch was in effect for the southeastern Bahamas.

Close on Earls heels, Tropical Storm Fiona formed Monday afternoon in the open Atlantic. The storm, with maximum winds of 40 mph 65 kph, was projected to pass just north of the Leeward Islands by Wednesday and stay farther out in the Atlantic than Earls northward path. Fiona wasnt expected to reach hurricane strength over the next several days.

The rapid development of Earl, which only became a hurricane Sunday, took some islanders and tourists by surprise.

In Anguilla, several utility poles were down and a couple of roofs had blown away, but it was still too dangerous to go out and assess the full extent of damage, said Martin Gussie, a police officer.

At El Conquistador Resort in Fajardo, Puerto Rico, people lined up at the reception desk, the lights occasionally flickering, to check out and head to the airport. There, more delays awaited.

John and Linda Helton of Boulder, Colo., opted to ride out the storm. The couple, celebrating their 41st wedding anniversary, finished a cruise Sunday and planned to spend three days in Puerto Rico.

"There was a huge line of people checking out as we were coming in, and I thought it was just that summer vacation must be over," said John Helton, a real estate appraiser. "But we paid for the room, so we might as well stick it out."

"I dont think we could get a flight even if we wanted to leave," Linda Helton added.

In St. Maarten, sand and debris littered the streets, and winds knocked down trees and electricity poles and damaged roofs. But police spokesman Ricardo Henson said there was no extensive damage to property.

In Antigua, at least one home was destroyed but there were no reports of serious injuries. Governor General Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack declared Monday a public holiday to keep islanders off the road and give them a chance to clean up.

___

Associated Press writers Ben Fox in Fajardo, Puerto Rico, Anika Kentish in St. Johns, Antigua, Judy Fitzpatrick in Philipsburg, St. Maarten, and David McFadden, Mike Melia and Danica Coto in San Juan and contributed to this report.



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