Wednesday, May 4, 2011

Sony blames vigilantes for breach

Sony has blamed the online vigilante group Anonymous for indirectly allowing the security breach that allowed a hacker to gain access to the personal data of more than 100m online game users.

In a letter to Congress, Sony said its network was breached at the same time as it was defending itself against a denial-of-service attack from Anonymous.

Denial-of-service attacks take servers down by overwhelming them with internet traffic.

Sony said that it had been the target of attacks from Anonymous because it had taken action against a hacker in federal court in San Francisco.

'We are legion'

It added that the attack that stole the data had been launched separately while it was distracted by the denial-of-service attack, and that it was not sure whether the organisers of the two attacks were working together.

Sony said that it had discovered on Sunday a file planted on one of its servers named Anonymous and featuring the line "We are legion", which is a phrase used by the group.

The vigilante group has denied being involved in the data theft.

In the letter to members of the House Commerce Committee, Kazuo Hirai, chairman of Sony Computer Entertainment America, defended the way that his company had dealt with the breach.

Sony discovered a breach in its Playstation video game network on 20 April but did not report it to US authorities for two days and only informed consumers on 26 April.

"Throughout the process, Sony Network Entertainment America was very concerned that announcing partial or tentative information to consumers could cause confusion and lead them to take unnecessary actions if the information was not fully corroborated by forensic evidence," the letter said.



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Intel unveils 22nm Ivy Bridge processor

Intel has unveiled its next generation of microprocessor technology, code named Ivy Bridge.

The upcoming chips will be the first to use a 22 nanometer manufacturing process, which packs transistors more densely than the current 32nm system.

Intel said it would also be using new Tri-Gate "3D" transistors, which are less power hungry.

Rival chip manufacturers including AMD and IBM are understood to be planning similar designs.

Tri-Gate

The announcement marks a significant step forward in the commercial processor industry, which is constantly striving to build more transistors onto silicon chips.

One of the main measures of its progress is the length of the transistor "gate", measured in nanometers (1nm = 1 billionth of a meter).

A human hair is around 60,000 nm wide. Current best microchip technology features a 32nm gate.

It has been known for a long time that 22nm technology would form the next stage in the evolution of microprocessors.

However, the exact nature of Intel's offering has been a closely guarded secret, until now.

The company expects to begin commercial production later this year.

Kaizad Mistry, Intel's 22nm program manager, said that the arrival of Tri-Gate transistors would make a big difference to consumer products.

"What it enables in the market is improved power efficiency - so better performance for the same battery life or lower battery life for the same performance," said Mr Mistry.

In microprocessor design, a conducting channel passes through a switching gate which opens or closes - changing the output from 0 to 1.

Until now, those channels have been "planar" or flat on the silicon wafer.

Intel's Tri-Gate system replaces the channels with 3D "fins". Mr Mistry explained that the extra surface area made them more conductive, and able to work better on lower power.

Moore's law

The Ivy Bridge design allows approximately twice as many transistors to be crammed into the same space as on 32nm chips.

That improvement is consistent with Moore's Law - the observation made by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore that chip density would double every two years.

However, Intel, like other chip manufacturers, is getting closer and closer to certain physical limits which may prevent that from continuing.

The next chip manufacturing process will will be 14nm, followed by 11nm.

Atoms are typically around 0.5nm wide.

Kaizad Mistry believes that the current rate of growth will continue for some time.

"Gordon Moore himself said that no exponential is forever, but he would like us to delay that for as long as possible," said Mr Mistry.

"I have been in this industry since the mid-80s. At that time people were talking about the sub-micron barrier. There is always talk of a barrier."

Mr Mistry said that new innovations would keep processor design moving forward.

Rival systems

Intel currently accounts for around 80% of global microprocessor sales, according to market analysts IDC.

Its nearest rival, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) has a 19% share.

AMD was the first to produce a prototype 22nm chip in 2008.

It is widely expected to pursue a similar fin-based system to Intel, known as FinFET.

However, the company has yet to announce its plans for a commercial product.



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Sony enlists cyber-security firms

Sony has hired investigators after a breach of security, in which the personal data of more than 100 million online game users was compromised.

Cyber-security detectives from Guidance Software and Data Forte, among others, have been brought on board, said Sony.

The Playstation Network and Sony Online Entertainment have been taken offline.

Information including names, addresses and potentially even credit card numbers was stolen in the attack.

Officials from the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) said they were looking into the breach of data, which might include some credit card numbers.

'Outdated database'

Last week, Sony said the personal details of 77 million Playstation users may have been stolen by hackers.

On Tuesday, it said a further 25 million gamers had their personal details stolen because of a security breach.

The company said credit card details and other personal information had been taken from an "outdated database".

The new attack went beyond users of Playstation hardware, affecting PC and Facebook gamers.

Sony said direct debit information for about 10,700 customers in Austria, Spain, the Netherlands and Germany was stolen.

It also said credit or debit card details of some 12,700 non-US customers were compromised.



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Spotify sets its sights on iTunes

Online music service Spotify is turning up the heat on Apple as it aims to create an alternative to iTunes.

The company is extending many of its premium services, including an iPhone and iPod app, to non-paying members.

It is also encouraging customers to import their music collection into Spotify, rather than Apple's system.

However, analysts have questioned how much impact the service can have, given iTunes' dominance and its close integration with Apple devices.

Restrictions

At the heart of the update, which will be rolled out automatically from 4 May, is an attempt to make Spotify the sole music management platform used by its 10m members.

Currently, only those who pay a monthly fee of between �5 and �9.99 are allowed to import tracks bought through iTunes into their Spotify library.

That option will now be made available all Spotify customers, 90% of whom use the free, advertising-funded version.

The move will be widely seen as an attempt to placate fans who were angered by restrictions recently imposed on the service.

The limits saw the amount of music that free users can listen to halved. It also reduced the number of times an individual track can be played to to five.

Gustav Soderstrom, chief product officer at Spotify, confirmed that the company was aiming "to make iTunes redundant".

"We think it is a better experience. If it is not, people will go back to iTunes," he added.

He explained that customers had requested a greater tie-up between the music they owned and the service they used to create playlists.

"Users are juggling two products at the same time and they said they really wanted to synch their playlists with their iPods and iPhones," he said.

As well as allowing users to synch music with Apple products, Spotify is making its iPhone and Android apps available to non-subscribers.

New clothes

The company has also hammered out a deal with record labels which centres around the creation of bespoke playlists.

It will now offer bundles of tracks for discounted prices. Ten tracks will cost �7.99, 15 tracks �9.99, 40 tracks �25 and 100 tracks �50.

Spotify hopes the innovation will breathe new life into its download service, which it admits has "been a bad experience" for users.

However, Mark Mulligan, an analyst with Forrester Research, was underwhelmed by the changes.

"They don't sound like great discounts to me. All it is doing is applying album pricing to playlists. You might even be able to do that on iTunes already," he said.

"I can see what Spotify is trying to do, it wants to acquire the clothes of the more robust music services by offering ways of buying as well as listening to music and creating an alternative music management platform."

He suggested that Spotify would always lack the clout of Apple.

"iTunes is a very bloated music management service but people use it because it is tied to their devices. Apple offers access to the cloud, it has a billing relationship with users.

"Managing music from Spotify doesn't really do much. People will still have to go back to iTunes to buy new tracks. It is hard to see significant numbers of people using it," he said.



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